商宪敏内科方药心得pdf高清版完整版|百度网盘下载

编者点评:商贤民内科处方心得体会pdf高清版

本书重点介绍了尚贤民教授用药的特点。中间部分是用方经验,介绍了16个方剂的主效、加减变化,重点介绍了尚贤民教授方剂的特点。小编今天为大家带来了本书的电子书,可以在线阅读。有兴趣的快来下载阅读以供参考

简介

著名中医专家尚贤民教授治学严谨,医术精湛,临床经验丰富。全书内容分为第一章、第一章、中章和第二章。第一章重点介绍尚贤民教授的中医学术思想和临床经验,

包括尚贤民教授的介绍、镇静十法方剂、肾病证候的治疗要领、脏腑论治老年病等。第一部分为用药心得,介绍了34种中药的主要药性、疗效及配伍应用,重点介绍了尚贤民教授用药的特点。中间部分是用方经验,介绍16个方剂的主效、加减变化,

关注尚贤民教授方剂的特点。第一部分和第二部分附有针对具体药物和方剂的试验案例,充分体现方剂的治疗效果和加减法的变化;第二部分详细介绍了尚教授的临床用药经验。本书内容条理清晰,既有医学理论又有案例检验,结合了基础理论和临床实践。

强调临床实践性和实用性,可为临床医生诊断和治疗内科疾病,特别是风湿病、肾病、老年病和疑难杂症提供帮助。本书适合中医临床医务人员和中医药院校学生使用。

相关内容部分预览

目录

尚贤敏教授的学术思想

第一章尚贤民教授简介

第二章:治痹十法方剂

第三章:治疗肾病要领

第四章:从脏腑论治老年病

第 1 部分药物体验

第 5 章:解毒

麻黄

肉桂

紫苏

荆芥

防风

薄荷

柴胡

葛根

第六章清热药

石膏

儿童

夏枯草

黄芩

槐花

白嫩肌肤

金银花

金银藤(金银花藤)

茯苓

中医药书籍相关推荐

一,读什么书

笔者根据山东科学技术出版社2005年7月出版的第一版《名老中医之路》,统计了97名医师阅读的中医书籍(主要是古籍)。

据统计,有97位医师写过关于阅读的记录,提及的书籍有320种。

名老中医读物的几个特点总结。

首先,必读经典

排名靠前的作品都是经典作品,如《内经》、《南京》、《伤寒》、《金匮要略》、《神农本草》等。有的医家只提读“四经”,没有列出具体的参考书目。因此,经书普遍为医家所重视,学医必读。

2、注意基础

除了经典之外,《堂头格诀》、《药精赋》、《边胡脉学》等基础著作也很受重视,明显高于单纯的临床著作。

第三,多不一定好

虽然医生提到的书有320种,但只有1人提到了197种,占61.5%。真正被名老中医所重视的人并不多,也就是说,读书要重点突出。抓住重点,再看书,这是学中医时要注意的。

2、背什么书

学中医不仅需要阅读,还需要背书。这是古今医家的共同经验。

先生。刘独洲说:“不背一点小书,就一点儿功夫都没有。”

名老中医不仅提出要背书目,还讨论了背书的意义和方法。

岳美中

先生。岳美中说:“关于《金匮要略》和《伤寒论》,能不假思索就到嘴边,到临床应用时,成为活水之源。即刻左右,还要熟能生巧,别有用心。”

沉忠贵

先生。沉忠贵道:“根据我的经验,年轻的时候,要多读几本书才能打基础。因为你的记忆力很强,一旦背出来,就不容易忘记。/p>

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陈定三

先生。陈定三认为:“经典中的从句,是从无数案例中总结出来的规律性的东西,就是‘万变不离其宗’的‘宗’。记住,背诵它,你能在临床上触发你的思想,领悟精神,从实践中拿出匠心。”

关于背诵,名老中医经验丰富,节选如下:

任应秋

任应秋:“我研究了《灵枢》、《素问》、《伤寒论》、《金匮要略》、《神农本草》等经典著作,都读过, 20岁之前背的,也就是用机械的方法,读完背下来,基本都写下来了。”

蒋春华

江春华:“现在看来,趁着年轻记性好,以后好好读书,很有用,这也可以说是学中医最基本的基本功了。”

p>

处方

方子上:“我用一张小纸,写一小段我想背的东西,随身携带,反复背诵,每天能背好几段。”< /p>

哈丽天

哈力天:“我背书的时候,不需要默念佛法,而是在僻静的地方大声念诵,让声音从嘴里出来,我在耳边听到,并且心里知道,然后在嘈杂的环境中默默的背诵。所谓‘乱世中静’的内容。这样,你不仅能背,还能听懂。 。”

陆志正

卢志正:“我叔叔教我背诵中医经典的方法如下:首先,小声念诵,即背诵和听自己,背诵几十或几百遍,犹如流水云云,口中念诵,形成自然记忆。他反对大声朗读或背诵,否则忘得很快。耳语后,逐渐慢下来,

阅读并理解文本的意思,即所谓的“背诵意义”,以便理解原文。孔子说:“学而不思则无用;思考而不学习是危险的。 ’渐渐地,我体会到了背诵和理解的互补关系,所谓‘读百遍,意在自见’。很多中医名著和经典都是在这个时候背诵的,很多原著在这个时候还可以背诵。 "

谢海洲

谢海洲:“经典著作是中医理论的源泉,只有读懂重点章节,甚至背诵重点章节的硬技能,通过阅读各种流派,才能掌握重点。老一辈能引用经典,脱口而出。因为我年轻的时候很努力,经典读的很好。

只有在未来才会变得更加清晰。尤其是在青春期,打好基础更为重要。四岁的时候,我和祖父学徒的学生一起读了一些歌曲。虽然没看懂,但越读越记得。背诵不仅仅是记忆的问题,还有加深理解的作用。对于学习方歌和药物尤其如此,

你不能不背诵。熟记熟记才能得心应手,口口相传,熟能生巧……这种“通子功”的背诵是学中医的必经之地。 "

总之,老一辈名医的经验告诉我们,学好中医,必须背诵,要早诵,要持之以恒。

3、阅读方法

阅读中医书籍通常需要注意顺序。

通过分析《名老中医之路》中医生的阅读经验可以看出,学习中医阅读主要有两种途径,一种是由浅入深,一种是从由深到浅。

由浅入深,即从源头追根溯源,就是先读一些通俗易懂的书,再读经典。

袁合力

正如袁合礼先生所说:“初学者可以选择阅读如陈修元的《伤寒论》、《金葵》、《医从众录》、《医术真简单》、吴巨同的《温病》等。” 《调典》、《品湖脉学》、《本草备》等书籍,虽然在医学理论上不太了解,

在临床应用中,能够灵活使用也相当小巧。然而,要达到对医学理论的掌握,还有很长的路要走。还是要回到源头,从根开始。

《内经》、《南经》、《麦经》等经典要认真学习。之后,宜进一步研究《伤寒》、《金匮要略》、《千金》、《外泰》、《本草经》、《本草纲目》等,并参考四大名著。晋元及各种医书。只有这样,才能全面、系统地掌握中医理论。

要了解其本质及其灵活性需要时间。 "

由深到浅,即由源到流,其做法与上述相反,主张从经典入手。

任应秋

又如任应秋先生说:“首先,你必须阅读经典著作《灵枢》、《素问》、《伤寒论》和《金匮要略》,因为它是对《灵枢》的总结。汉代以前的医学家很多,文献很多,中医的结晶是中医理论的基础,只有通读一遍,才能打下比较扎实的理论基础。”

陈训斋

又如,方耀中先生回忆陈训斋老师的教诲时说:“陈老很严格,很有耐心。他很注重学法,强调立足点要高,而且要从经典入手,互相关注。他说“伤寒”和“金匮要略”应该是临床医生的“看家本领”。

在此基础上,追溯《内经》,直至后世,才有可能对中医有系统的认识。 "

两种看似截然相反的方式,实际上最终达到了相同的目标。无论是从源头到流,还是从流回源头,最终都要源流相连,源流一体。

至于选择哪条路线,没有一刀切的方法。

王文鼎的从医经历

先生。王文鼎的弟子回忆前人的从医经历:“我当时拜名医郑先生为徒,郑先生第一次讲课时,他反复预言:如果你想成为一名好医生,你应该跟着“内”和“难”。“你必须有基础才能学习。否则,您将只依赖一两本处方书。即使你是医生,你也只会听从老师的指示。

,一步一个脚印,打下坚实的基础。但是,由于文学和历史水平有限,很难理解秦汉文本。

更何况,他学医是为了谋生,所以请郑老师教他看病。郑先生很失望,只好把他介绍给严文修先生。闫师还因材施教,让他读了一些实用的方药,如《珠囊本草》、《堂头阁诀》、《神农本草经》、《药三字经》等。 .

开始吧。但严师也说:这些浅近的书,只能用在应用上,不能深入到高深的地方。涉浅水者得鱼虾,涉深水者当然得海龟。 "

刘继三

另外,刘继三老师在讨论教学实践时谈到了阅读的顺序。他详细讨论过,可以用法律来证明。摘录如下:“学生应在第一年学习《伤寒论》,要求熟记,预约使用。三个月。第二步,学习《金匮要略》。” ,这也需要背得透彻。再过三个月,一共六个月。下半年,除了每天背诵一次原文,

可以参考各个学校的注释。全年可阅读“伤寒”注解约20种,“金葵”注解约5种。

今年要求有眼睛读《伤寒》和《金楼》;耳朵听《伤寒》和《金楼》; ”。专心学习、诱导、启发、解释、随时提问,让学生能提出自己的问题,分析自己的问题,解决自己的问题。

不断提高认识,深入学习,巩固提高。

学习《内经》和《本经》的第二年,要求记住重点,而不是全部。阅读注解时,须用《伤寒论》和《金匮要略》来解释《内经》和《本经》,也要用《内经》和《本经》来解释《伤寒论》。和“金奎”过去。如此循环,《内经》和《本经》都读完了,

“伤寒”和“金楼”比较熟悉。熟习四经后,阅读温病学说及《内经》、《本经风元》、《本经书正》、《本草四典录》的注解,研读有关本论的著作二十余种。

第三年是从聘任到博士的阶段。鼓励同学们多看书,不仅是大家和著名作家的书,还有《春雅》内外主编的书。你读得越多越好。阅读时需要写笔记和心得,以《内经》为标准进行分析评价。今年可以阅读约40种医学书籍。第四年继续巩固理论知识,

从事临床实践的阶段。要求理论联系实际,培养独立工作的能力。 "

君子的经验告诉我们,无论是从浅到深,还是从深到浅,都是可以做到的。至于哪个先来,可以根据不同的情况来选择。需要注意的是,这两种方法虽然可以合二为一,但必须抓住重点,即经典,即源头。 “要求运河如此清澈,因为那里有活水源。”只有明确了来源,才能得到。

4、博与盟

中医古籍太多了。除了选择阅读路径外,还要注意博客与约会的关系。

所谓博,是指阅读要广泛,数量要多,种类要广,也就是看书多。所谓立约即精,就是说读书要专精通,不泛泛而谈,不归不归。从学中医的角度来看,既要博士又要预约,关键是要处理好博士和预约的关系。张赞臣先生说:“要专精,不能专精,但要专精,就必须做。两者看似矛盾,实则相辅相成。”

博览的好处是消息灵通,没有门户观点。

张博宇

先生。张博宇认为:“中医治病之道,以《内经》《伤寒杂病论》为基础,但同时又要博采众长,提高知识和提高医疗技能。”

魏长春

先生。魏长春:“在熟悉经思经典作品的基础上,广泛研究前人的作品和经验,尤其是晋元四大名家和叶、雪、吴、王的作品非常重要。伤病学派,要反复研究,不过,学习的时候,一定要择善随从,拒绝门户派的偏见。”

但是,如果你只知道博览会,而不能抓住重点,往往收效甚微。

张泽生

先生。张泽生说:“太多太宽泛了,应书言说,太笼统了,印象不是很深刻,有时会让人迷惑。丹溪的书,是从痰和阴虚的;看了净月书,是从阳虚的。 .今天用苍普和二臣,明天用蜀地和山药,这样没有固定的意见,处方容易混淆。当然,当你学医或初行医时,你可以广泛搜索以增加你的知识。,诱惑自己去探索。”

展览通常需要有一定的基础,尤其是经典的基础,然后多看书,这样才能向别人学习。

王京斋

先生。王敬斋说:“学医,必先从四经入手,读好后,再看书,细心临床,方能入心,有所反应。”屠魁贤先生说:“舅舅教我:‘药之道,先学四经,这是基础。

各个学派的理论必须相互探索、相互验证,才能逐渐深入。知识渊博,思路广泛,一到考试,就可以从容应对。 ’”

韩百灵

先生。韩百灵道:“如果你的专精是以博学为基础的,博学就必须知道该学科的学识,你有门派,认证了就放弃,然后你就有了独特的知识,获得了它,你必从知返契约。专精专精,但望博大,方不碍眼一叶,二豆耳,泰山不见,雷声不闻.

面对众多的中医古籍,前辈们通常采用博回契约的方式。

杨志毅

先生。杨志毅认为,“从博返约”有两层含义:“第一,读了很多书,要总结要点和规律,有自己的观点和看法,有所发现。否则,就是死读;二是在有了广泛的基础和全面的知识之后,要有方向性地发展,在某一方面或某一课题上多下功夫,才能达到深入研究。怎么会有更大的进步。一层楼。”

张泽生

先生。张泽生说:“治病必有定法,读书必有选择,必有批评。同意我的就用,不同意的就扔掉。”应该舍弃保存,借鉴前人的经验。临床到这本书,反复多次。广泛搜索,丰富你的临床实践。只有这样,你才能在实践中精通。

李克绍

先生。李克绍主张“要多读书,更要从博回约”,并认为“除了经典作品,还要广泛阅读其他人的著作”医学专家,尤其是历代名家的著作”,但“仅读博是不够的,而要从博中回归契约才能真正学习。所谓回归博,就是总结从综合数据中找出几个关键点,从不同现象中找出共同规律。”

就终生阅读而言,不仅要从博归约,还要从约归博,不断交替。

周小斋

先生。周小斋说:“回顾学医的经历,我深感学医的过程是:从预约开始——进入博士——最后回到博士;巅峰。”

城门学

先生。程门学弟子回忆说:“程门学的学习可以分为三个变化:开始是杂而不专,只有一个普通教师和两个学校毕业,奠定了当医生的基础,而那些没有专长的以后年龄三十六本,你将涉猎广泛,除《千金》、《外台》、《金葵》本草纲目等编撰备查外,其他名著及诸本清朝都复习,每读加注,是从“专精到知”的转变。四十二岁以后,如上所引,'不求多书,几经就够了”,“浓缩成五七个字的歌可以背诵”,他认为这样做是自己“后期学习,也就是补读的一种方法”的开始。

这第三个变化是“从富到契约,从粗到精”,到完美的程度,没有深远的影响,没有下落。古人云:变气则变路,变路则变道。 '“道”二字,是指治国之“极治”的成就,也可称为最高的学问。 "

五,宁涩不滑

《名古中医之路》记载了许多阅读原则和方法,《宁涩不滑》就是其中之一。所谓“宁涩而不滑”,就是强调读书要细心细心,在细节上下功夫。尤其是经典,不仅要读、背,更要仔细研读字义。

岳美中

先生。岳美中谈及“读书总比马虎”时说:“要在主要经典上下功夫,读透,细嚼,消化。你读的每一本书都必须精雕细琢。大体背景清晰,逐字细读,逐字逐句读。无论是读音、词义,还是词义,都要尽力去理解。你读不顺,也能读懂。没看懂,不应该根据文字的字面意思简单的猜测,更不可能用今天的意思作为死板的依据……这样逐字逐句的读下去,似乎停滞不前前进困难重重,但实际上是随着时间的推移而积累的,又似慢又快。规律无非是摸清情况,模糊影响,不谈学习。”

任应秋

先生。任应秋持有同样的观点,认为重要的经典应该“收缩”而不是“速成”。他说:“当我们读《灵枢》、《素问》等时,只能用‘每本书数不胜数’的方法(苏东坡《答王语书》,作者注),而不如‘不求速成’……至于阅读,一定要认真,要专心,遇到不明白或不完全明白的事情,一定要检查说出来,你不应该半信半疑,自以为是。” /p>

朴福洲

先生。蒲福洲以“活到老,学老”的毅力读书,“每读一本中医文献,无论是名著还是短篇小说,我始终坚持一丝不苟,从头做起,逐字逐句。一个字一个章一个章的学习,是一种学习的方法,钓鱼不遗漏。即使你读了两三遍,也不会改变这种方法。”他常说:“学无止境,每读一遍,都会有新的灵感。”

赵金铎

先生。赵金铎认为:“在仔细阅读的过程中,难免会遇到很多让人停不下来的难题,到底是口口相传,还是坚持不下来?这是学术上的一大难题。”所以,他的第一次阅读就是“从头到尾,读懂灵,看全貌”。然后他就是要仔细阅读,因为“只有全面概括的了解是远远不够的,还必须努力,仔细研究,找出其中的规律,这就是精品。我仔细阅读了《内经》” ,并采用先纵后横的方法,逐章研究;所谓横,就是比较其他医者对《内经》的评注,相互比较,从而跑题。通过它们在不同的类别中。”

陈神武

先生。陈神武高度评价仲景的理论,弟子回忆道:“老师认为《伤寒论》的学习要分阶段进行。初读要通读、精读、通透,甚至背诵全书精神。大师,经过这样的努力,运用归纳、分析、比较的方法,进一步掌握要领。”

为什么前辈都强调读书要精进?

陈定三

先生。 Chen Dingsan's disciple recalled Naishi: "The old teacher often said: 'Reading a hundred times, the meaning is self-seeing'. It is impossible to understand the true value of a book, read only once, and often many Places will be overlooked in the past, and it would be a pity if the neglected place happens to be the essence of the whole book. Especially the repeated and intensive reading of classic works and representative works of various schools is a fruitful way for physicians who have made achievements throughout the ages. one."

Jin Shou Mountain

先生。 Jin Shoushan said: "When you learn Chinese medicine, when you don't have a good grasp of Chinese medicine, even though you study hard, there are still many things that you can't understand, and you will get into trouble. You must get through this level. I got through this level. Iron pestle grinds. To form a needle, as long as you work hard, one day you will suddenly get through it. After that, it will be easy to learn from both sides. There will be no coincidence, and there will be no 'sudden enlightenment' without 'gradual enlightenment'."

Liu Jisan

先生。 Liu Jisan "has been diligent and rigorous in his studies, and he is always on the lookout for books... All the books he read should be scrutinized word-for-word, linked to reality, learned from each other, marked with annotations at key points, and copied and recorded." He believes that "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" should be read and read for a lifetime The third test is to go back to the original text for intensive reading after reading the commentaries thoroughly. He said: "Every school has its own merits and demerits. I have to return to the appointment from Bo, and take the original text for details one by one, sentence by sentence: why does this sutra have this evidence? Why does this evidence use this recipe? Why does this recipe add this medicine and reduce this medicine? already."

In addition, for the sake of detail, seniors often combine notes, circle or point, or write their experiences, and the two should be coordinated. The experience of our predecessors tells us: the first step is to be more comfortable in the future. If you can endure hardships in reading, you will be able to go far in the future.

Six, reading and testing

先生。 Pu Fuzhou told his son before his death: "I have been practicing medicine very carefully all my life. It is like walking on thin ice in the abyss. To study medicine, you must first read carefully, and then you must practice hard after reading, both of which are indispensable. Reading alone is not enough. Practice only knows theory, not clinical practice; blind clinical practice, not studying well is a waste of life. You have to keep this in mind! My whole life is spent in reading and practice."

Indeed, reading and practice (clinical evidence), the two should not be neglected, are the principles that must be adhered to throughout the life of learning Chinese medicine.

At the beginning of studying medicine, it is usually first to read, endorse, lay the foundation, and then apply for a clinical certificate. This is the common path that most medical practitioners have taken.

Zhang Zhenyu

先生。 Zhang Zhenyu said: "Reciting the original works, learning the theory is important and the foundation. But the theory must be combined with clinical practice in order to deepen the understanding of the theory and become a useful living theory."

After contacting clinical practice, one should not ignore or even give up reading, but should develop the habit of reading while seeing clinical evidence. This is also the common experience of most physicians' success.

Yuan Heli

先生。 Yuan Heli "has worked tirelessly for decades, treating people by day and reading by night, persevering."

Cao Bingzhang

先生。 Cao Bingzhang "Reading a book in the morning is the first thing to do after getting up. After middle age, whenever there is a little spare time in medical affairs, he will not leave the scroll until he is old."

Peng Jingshan

先生。 Peng Jingshan recalled his way of practicing medicine: "As a doctor, you must treat diseases every day and read books every day. When you treat a disease, you don't forget to read, and when you read, you don't forget to treat a disease. The two are linked, and you can apply what you have learned. My experience."

Lu Zhizheng

After Mr. Lu Zhizheng treated the doctor independently, "Those who are suspected of being difficult to distinguish during the day and who are not sure about the legislative prescription should study the relevant books at night, which is the ancient method of 'seeing a doctor during the day and reading at night'."

Yue Meizhong

先生。 Yue Meizhong "has lived for decades, basically 'reading daily, clinical and night'. There are often no days in clinical practice, and reading must come to the child's hour." Even after the age of 60, the teacher still insists on "warming up the class", and takes "permanence", "speciality", and "study" as self-restraint "self-discipline".

Reading and clinical examination are sometimes alternated with a concentrated period of time.

Pu Fu Zhou

When Mr. Pu Fuzhou first began to seek medical treatment, due to family heritage, many people sought medical treatment, and some were effective and some were not. Although the number of illnesses continued, the husband was determined to stop the diagnosis and studied behind closed doors for three years. Thinking, pondering over and over again, deeply comprehending. In this way, it can be handy in clinical practice. He said: "At that time, there were many people who didn't understand my mood and thought that I was 'highly valuable' by closing my account and suspending clinics. In fact, they didn't understand the value of classics."

Clinical reading is different from novice reading. In addition to classic works, clinical subjects and medical records are particularly important.

Lu Zhizheng

先生。 Lu Zhizheng persisted in his studies even after he independently treated the patient. "Those who are suspected of being difficult to distinguish during the day and who are not sure about the legislative prescription should study the relevant books at night, which is the method of the ancients to see a doctor during the day and read at night. Especially reading some medical records, such as Yu Jiayan's "Meaning Grass" and "Zhang Nanzhi" Cases", "Liu Xuan Four Medical Cases", "Clinical Guidelines for Medical Cases", etc., in order to improve the ability of dialectical analysis, and get inspiration from previous case inspections. The former sages said that reading is better than reading cases, and there is a certain truth. "

Zhang Boyu

In addition to his diagnosis, Mr. Zhang Boyu "deeply studied Dongyuan, Danxi, Jingyue and other famous doctors, and "Famous Doctors Cases", "Liu Xuan Four Medical Cases", "Clinical Guide Medical Cases" ", and often put "Similar Evidence and Judgment" on the desk, and read it at any time." Later, the number of difficult and miscellaneous diseases increased, and the usual methods were not effective enough. "So I studied "Qianjin Yaofang" again. With the deepening of my experience, I will have a different feeling when I read it." Illness ideas.

Tan Riqiang

先生。 Tan Riqiang "uses his spare time every day to review old classes or read new books. The so-called new books refer to books written by He Lianchen, Yun Tieqiao, Lu Yuanlei, Zhang Xichun, etc., as well as Huanghan medicine, which are quite new inspirations. ."

Zhang Zesheng

先生。 Zhang Zesheng's method of "extracting the essence from the macro" is worth learning. He said: "After a period of time as a professional doctor, you must have a firm opinion. There must be a fixed method for treatment, choice in reading, and criticism. Those who don’t agree should use them, those who don’t agree should discard them, and they should save the essence and make use of the experience of the predecessors. I advocate that the classics should be read intensively, others can be read extensively, and finally, a practical book should be studied repeatedly, from the book to the clinical practice. , From clinical to this book, repeated several times, after the finalization, you can refer to some famous medical records, magazine articles, search widely, and enrich your clinical practice. Only in this way can you become proficient in practice. ."

Seven, reading notes

Note-taking is both a reading method and an integral part of the reading process. The ancients said "do not read without writing and ink", and developing a good habit of taking reading notes will help improve the quality of reading and accumulate academic materials. The predecessors read, pay attention to "eyes, mouths, hearts, hands", the so-called "hands" is to take notes. Although today's methods of obtaining information are simple and efficient, from the perspective of reading, note-taking is still irreplaceable.

Ren Yingqiu

先生。 Ren Yingqiu believes that "while reading and writing notes, it is a reading method that helps us understand and memorize the contents of documents, and is also an important method to accumulate scientific and technological materials."

Yue Meizhong

先生。 Yue Meizhong also said: "When reading medical books, you should also keep reading and memorizing, and be diligent in accumulation. The form of accumulation should be flexible. For example, you can combine the accumulation of special abstracts in one or several aspects of your own research direction. , pay attention to this when reading, excerpt the records at any time, and classify them into categories, mark the main ones, sparsely organize them, put question marks on those who are skeptical, and analyze those who understand them, and boldly attach their own observations. Research work is beneficial."

Cao Bingzhang

When Mr. Cao Bingzhang was studying medical books, "every time he has experience, he will record it; even when he is having a meal in the bedroom, he will carefully take note of what he realizes." The sand can be accumulated as a mountain of tens of thousands of miles. It has a profound meaning and can inspire future studies." His students recalled: "When you read the famous works of your predecessors and the writings of your colleagues, once you get something, you will write it down in your notes or record it.牌。 And warn us not to underestimate the words and phrases, once they are used, they are worth a thousand dollars. Therefore, Mr. always cherishes the notes and cards that he usually extracts, regardless of their content and the amount of words, and collects them in categories. With perseverance, even in the twilight years, despite several wars and turmoil, there are still no less than tens of thousands of cards in the collection."

Zhao Jinduo

先生。 Zhao Jinduo believes that "remembering" is one of the three important links in reading. In addition to reciting, "remembering" also requires writing reading notes. He said: "Taking notes is not only about copying the incisive expositions that have been covered, but more importantly, it is about taking what you have read and learned through a process of gasification and absorption like 'drinking into the stomach and escaping essence'. Synthesize, summarize, analyze, make it your own, and write down the main points and experience in your own words. Another point that should not be overlooked is to record the problems that you do not understand, understand or have doubts, so as to further investigate and study, ask for advice and seminars Yu teacher and friend."

Liu Bingfan

记笔记必须勤奋,刘炳凡先生说:“每读一书,应将要点、疑点、难点简明标记,获得解答即时笔录。运用于临床后,有所心得,又随时小结,分门别类加以整理。步入医林以来,我共写下学习笔记近一百万字。”

沈仲圭

沈仲圭先生说:“笔记可分两种:一种是原文精粹的节录,作为诵读学习的材料;一种是读书心得,这是已经经过消化吸收,初步整理,并用自己的文字作了一定程度的加工的东西,比起前一种笔记来,进了一步。在学习过程中,这两种笔记都很重要,前一种是收集资料的工作,后一种是总结心得的工作。”

任应秋

关于做笔记的方法,任应秋先生有专篇论述,颇切实用,笔者将其中要点加以概括,以飨读者。

①概括和缩写:把已读过的书的内容,作一个非常概括而简短的叙述,扼要说明某一本书的内容,主要讲的什么问题。这样写的好处是能帮助自己抓住书里所讲的要点,加深对所读书的理解。

②纲要笔记:即按照书的先后内容,或问题的主次来写。一般是依照原文的次序进行一番简明扼要的复述,体现出全书或全篇的逻辑性。纲要笔记,与我们常说的写作提纲很相似。写这种笔记省时间,重点突出,便于记忆。

③摘记:在读书过程中,对一些论述、命题、定理、公式、警语、事例、数字、引文、例证,新的材料、新的观点等进行摘抄。摘记最好用卡片纸,将阅读发现的材料随时记上。做资料卡片要注意四点:第一,要有科学分类;第二,要摘记实实在在的东西;第三,同一张卡片所记资料必须属于同一分类;第四,要写明资料的名称、作者、出版时间和出处,图书要写清楚页码、版本等。

④综合笔记:就是把不同书籍和若干资料中的相同内容,综合到一个题目或专题下,写一份笔记。综合笔记可以加深对某一问题的理解,做起来又不太费劲。

⑤心得笔记:在读完一本书、一篇文章或一个问题之后,自己有所收获、体会、见解,用自己的话记录下来。好处是能巩固学习效果,检验学习的情况,使自己心中有数。如果在写心得笔记时,发现对某一问题理解还不够深透,不够清楚明白,可再回过头来再读原文。如果感到书中有讲得不够恰当的地方,可在笔记中提出来,做为以后继续学习的线索。

8、推崇书目

《名老中医之路》凝聚了97位中医名家的治学经验,为我们开辟了一条中医学习之路。就读书而言,除了经典备受推崇外,还有一些书受到部分医家的特别推荐,今将与临证相关的部分书目列后,以资参研。

内科方面

董德懋先生回忆其师施今墨时说:“先生对孙一奎《赤水玄珠》和张石顽《张氏医通》尤其推崇,认为是中医内科必读之书,每教吾等阅读。”张泽生先生受到老师贺季衡的影响,一生笃嗜《张氏医通》,他说:“行医之后,泛览了一些有代表性的医学著作,包括近代名医的著作文章,而一生所笃嗜者,当推《张氏医通》。我的老师对《医通》甚为推祟,认为张璐活了七十多岁,临床经验极见功夫,足资借鉴。他的著作,既承《灵》、《素》及各家论说,又参以自己的学识经验,议病论方,朴实详尽,甚切实用,很少浮泛之词,并附有医案和医话。”

陈源生先生受叔祖父的影响,推崇《医学心悟》,认为“‘《心悟》一书,其精粹又在‘医门八法’篇中,务必要熟读、精思,最好背得。’确如其言,‘八法’篇颇切实用,我临证以来,立法处方得程钟龄先生益处不小。”陈耀堂先生回忆其师丁甘仁:“先生对李用粹《证治汇补》也颇推祟,谓李氏汇集古今医书,删其繁杂,摘其精华,又补入自己的经验,证治独详,因此要求我们熟读。”李聪甫先生说:“《医宗必读》、《士材三书》、《医门法律》等书,我认为议论精辟,很有独到见解,极有实用价值。”他十九岁读完了这三部书,并写了十几万字的《医门轨范》的笔记,为后来他能够以脾胃学说为主,兼采各家之说奠定了一点基础。

外科方面

朱仁康先生说:“在读外科专著方面,由于师承相传,我最推崇高锦庭《疡科心得集》一书。盖明清两代在外科史上虽有明显发展,外科书亦不少,但大多陈陈相因,多所雷同,惟此书一反既往以疮疡部位编次的惯例,而首创以两病或三病骈列立论,辩其异向,条分缕析,既便于辨病(现在所谓鉴别诊断),更有助于辨治。”

妇科方面

裘笑梅先生认为必须下苦功夫熟读的有:“《金匮》妇人病三篇,是专论妇科病的……此三篇中所述的理论和方药,为后世治疗和研究妇科临床疾病的准绳。巢氏《诸病源候论》述妇人杂病二百四十三论,研究诸病之源,九候之要,为第一部病理专书。孙思邈《千金要方》妇人方治六卷,以脏腑寒热虚实概诸般杂症,而为立方遣药的总则。

陈自明《妇人大全良方》,对妇科病作了系统的总结,认为肝脾损伤是月经病的主要病机。薛立斋《薛氏医案》,重视先天后天,力倡脾胃兼补之说。 《傅青主女科》,病立一案,案列一方,条分缕析,言简意赅,有独到的经验。 《叶天士女科全书》,自调经种子以及保产育婴,靡不一一辨举,条分明晰,虽变症万端而游刃有余,实为女科之宝筏。这些医学著述,有志于学妇科的,要熟读,关键处得一字一字地推敲。 "

针灸方面

杨永璇先生的老师王诵愚特别推崇张介宾的《类经》,并指定其选篇背诵,“先师的教诲,使我对张氏《类经》的阅读坚持数十年,深感要成为一名针灸家就必须通读《类经》十九卷至二十二卷。以上四卷归纳和总结了古代医家针术的各种见解,熟读之后才能了解后世针灸专著的学术思想渊源。”

医案方面

姜春华先生体会:“古今医案中对我最有启发的要算孙东宿的《医案》、陈��生的《诊余举隅》,此二书的辨证论治精神强,值得好好学习。”

张伯臾先生一生最爱的医书包括徐灵胎评注的《临证指南医案》。

蒋洁尘先生举荐最好的医案范本是《谢映庐医案》:“该书的一个特点是‘处方用药,善于选用成方’。它在每一则医案的后面,都附有一至两个其所本的成方,而且不偏执经方、时方,对初学者来说,此书允称为最好的医案范本,值得阅读。”

潘澄濂先生“认为在医案方面,如《寓意草》、《王孟英医案》、《谢映庐得心集》、《程杏轩医案》之类,对症状的描述、处方的意义、治疗的效果等,叙述的较为详明,端绪易寻。”

阅读剩余
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