《中医理论 汉英对照》郑湘瑞著；李晓靖，孙俊芳主译|(epub+azw3+mobi+pdf)电子书下载

图书名称：《中医理论 汉英对照》

【作　者】郑湘瑞著；李晓靖，孙俊芳主译

【丛书名】中华传统医学文化教育与普及丛书

【页 数】 213

【出版社】 南京：东南大学出版社 , 2018.06

【ISBN号】978-7-5641-7716-4

【价 格】45.00

【分 类】中医医学基础-汉、英

【参考文献】 郑湘瑞著；李晓靖，孙俊芳主译. 中医理论 汉英对照. 南京：东南大学出版社, 2018.06.

图书封面：

图书目录：

《中医理论 汉英对照》内容提要：

郑湘瑞著的《中医理论（汉英对照）/中华传统医学文化教育与普及丛书》在论述中国传统文化体系中系列相对的概念，如天与地、上与下、昼与夜、明与暗、阴与阳、虚与实以及五行相生相克等的基础上，阐述了系列概念在中医中的体现和运用，解释了中医如何将这些概念上升到哲学高度，并从藏象学说、气血津液、十四经络、病因病机、望闻问切、中药理论、中医养生等方面介绍、论述了中医的基础理论，以帮助读者初步认识、了解中医，体会其辩证体系和思辨方式，为进一步深入学习奠定基础。 本书适用于从事中医学习、研究及对中医或中国传统文化有兴趣的人员，也可作为汉语国际教育、来华外国留学生及中国传统文化推广的教材使用。

《中医理论 汉英对照》内容试读

绪言理论体系

Introduction

Theoretical System

中国是医药文化发祥最早

China,as one of the earliest countries of medical

的国家之一，有文字可考的医学

culture,has a recorded history of medical science for several

史长达数千年。在已出土的殷商

thousand years.In the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells

中

时期甲骨文中，便有大量关于疾

of the Shang dynasty,there are a lot of disease names.Underthe situation of coexistence of doctors and witch doctors,a

医

病的名称，在卜筮史料中记载了

large amount of information about medicine and health is

大量医药卫生的内容，形成了医

理

found in the historical materials of divination,forming the

学的雏形。西周《周礼·天官记

论

medical prototype.The earliest medical division of China is

载了我国最早的医学分科，把医

recorded in Rites of the Zhou in which doctors are divided

生分为食医（营养师）、疾医（内

into dietitians(nutritionists),physicians(internal medicine),

Basic

科)、疡医（外科）和兽医。

surgeons(surgery)and veterinarians.

《黄帝内经》吸收了秦汉以

Under the guidance of the theory of yin andyang and the five elements,Huangdi's Inernal Classic

Theory

前的天文、历法、气象、数学、生

(Huangdi Neijing)absorbs the significant achievements of

2

物、地理等多学科的重要成果，在

astronomy,calendar,meteorology,mathematics,biology,

阴阳、五行等学说指导下，总结了

geography,and other subjects and summarizes the medical

raditional

春秋战国以前的医疗成就和治疗

achievements and treatment experience before the Springand Autumn period and the Warring States period.It builds

经验，确定了中医学的理论框架，

up the theoretical framework of TCM and systematically

Chinese

系统地阐述了脏腑、经络、气血津

expounds viscera,meridians,qi-blood and body fluid,

液、诊断、治疗、预防等问题，建立

diagnosis,treatment and prevention and other issues.Itestablishes a unique theoretical system which becomes the

Medicine

了独特的理论体系，成为中医学

basis and theoretical source ofthe development of TCM.The

发展的基础和理论源泉。它与张

Canon and Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Cold Damage

仲景的《伤寒杂病论》分别是中医

and Miscellaneous Diseases (Shanghan Zabing Lun)are

学基本理论和辨证论治的奠基之

respectively the foundation works of the basic theory of

作。二者与《神农本草经》、《难经》

TCM and "treatment based on syndrome differentiation".

The two books,together with Shennong's classic of Materia

一起，被历代医家奉为经典，由

Medica (Shennong Bencao Jing)and Classic of Difficult

此确立了中医学独特的理论体

Issues (Nan Jing)are regarded as classics by doctors in the

系，给后世医学的发展以深远

past dynasties,which establish the unique theoretical systemof TCM and give a far-reaching impact on the development

的影响。

of medicine in later generations.

中医学理论体系是包括理、

The theoretical system of TCM is a wholeness

法、方、药在内的一个整体，主要

including the theory,method,prescription and medicine,

阐明中医学的基本理论、基本规

which mainly expounds the basic theory,rules and methods

律和基本方法。它是以整体观念

of TCM.It is a unique theoretical system of medicinewhich takes the concept of holism as the guiding ideology,

为主导思想，以阴阳、五行学说等

the theory of yin and yang and five elements as the logical

为论理方法，以脏腑、经络、精气

method,the viscera,meridians,essence,qi,blood and body

中

血津液为生理病理基础，以辨证

fluid as the physiological and pathological basis,and,is

论治为诊治特点的独特的医学理

医

characterized by syndrome differentiation in diagnosis and

论体系。

treatment.

理

理、法、方、药是中医药学关

The theory,method,prescription and medicine are

论

于诊断与治疗操作规范的整体性

the general summary of the clinical standard of diagnosis

概括。中医临床诊疗的焦点集中

and treatment in TCM.The focus of clinical diagnosis and

体现在“方”或“方剂”上，俗称“药

treatment of TCM is reflected in "prescription"which is

方”。药方自然由药物组成，其组

composed of medicines but far more than a simple mixtureof medicines;it is supposed to be the optimal combination

成绝不是药物简单的堆积和罗

of the compatibility relations among monarch,minister,

列，它一定是药物之间君、臣、佐、

assistant and guide (metaphors of medicines based on

使的配伍关系及其剂量的最佳选

their functions)and their doses;it is also the embodiment

择，是对特定疾病病变所确定的

of the corresponding treatment principle and treatment

相应的治疗原则和治疗方法的体

methods for certain lesions,which is called the "method";

现，即所谓的“法”；方剂有效与

effective prescriptions depend on whether they conform

否取决于其是否符合中医药学理

to the accurate interpretation and judgment for the lesion

论对疾病病变机理作出的准确的

mechanism made according to the theory of TCM,which is

解释和判断，即所谓的“理”。

called“the theory'”.

Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is a

辨证论治就是理、法、方、药

process in which the theory,method,prescription and

具体运用于临床的过程。

medicine are applied to the clinical practice.

辨证是指分析、辨识疾病的

Syndrome differentiation means analyzing and

证候，即诊断的过程。中医诊断，

identifying the syndrome of the disease,which is the process

主要采用望、闻、问、切四种诊察

of diagnosis.The diagnosis in TCM is mainly based on four

疾病的方法，简称四诊。望诊是

ways-observing,listening,inquiring and pulse-taking.

对患者的神色、形态、五官、舌象By the way of observing,.the doctor purposefully observes

绪言理论体系

以及分泌物、排出物等进行有目

the patient's complexion,shape,facial features,tongue

的地观察，以了解病情，测知脏腑

image,secretion and discharge to know the illness and the

病变。闻诊是从患者语言、呼吸

pathological changes of viscera.By the way of listening

等声音以及由患者体内排出的

the doctor identifies the internal disease according to the

气味来辨别内在的病情。问诊是

patient's voice,breath and smell.By the way of inquiring

通过对患者及知情者的询问，以the doctor inquires the patient and the related persons for

his or her state of health,the cause and process of the

了解患者平时的健康状态、发病

disease and his or her physical condition and symptoms.

原因、病情经过和患者的自觉症

By pulse-taking the doctor examines the patient's pulse and

状等。切诊是诊察病人的脉象和

other parts of the body to know the change of the body.

身体其他部位，以测知体内变化

Each of the four ways of diagnosis has its specific content,

的情况。四诊各有其特定的诊察

and cannot be replaced by each other.The combination of

中

内容，不能互相取代，必须四诊合

the four ways can obtain systematical and comprehensive

医

参，才能系统而全面地获得临床

clinical data to provide a reliable basis for syndrome

理

资料，为辨证提供可靠依据。

differentiation.

辨证需要以脏腑、气血津

Syndrome differentiation needs the theory of viscera,

论

液、经络、病因、病机等基础理论

essence,qi,blood and body fluid,meridians,etiology and

为依据，对四诊所收集的症状、体

pathogenesis as the basis to analyze and summarize the

征，以及其他临床资料进行分析、

symptoms,signs,and other clinical data collected through

Basic

综合，辨清疾病的原因、性质、部

four ways of examination;then it needs to distinguish the

位，以及邪正之间的关系，进而概

cause,nature,location and relationship between the good

Theory

括、判断为何种证候，为论治提供

and the evil;it further needs to summarize and judge the

依据。

syndromes to provide the basis for treatment determination.

论治是在辨证基础上拟定

Treatment determination is the corresponding

Traditional

出相应的治疗方法和措施。如果

treatment method and measure worked out on the basisof syndrome differentiation.Syndrome differentiation

说辨证侧重的是“理”，那么论治

is focused on "theory"while treatment determination,

就是“法”、是“方”、是“药”。辨证

on“method”,“prescription'”and“medicine'”.Syndrome

Chinese

是论治的前提，论治是辨证的延

differentiation is the premise of treatment determination

续，也是辨证的检验和补充。辨

which is a continuation,a test and supplement of syndrome

Medicine

证与论治在诊治疾病过程中，相

differentiation.In the process of diagnosis and treatment

互联系，密不可分，是理、法、方、

of disease,they are mutually contacted as the specificclinical application of the theory,method,prescription and

药在临床上的具体应用。

medicine.

总之，中医理论体系主要由

In a word,the theoretical system of TCM is mainly

“理”、“法”、“方”、“药”构成。“理”

composed of the“theory'”,“method'",“prescription

包括生理（脏腑、气血津液、经络）

and "medicine"."Theory"includes physiology (viscera,

和病理（病因病机）片“法”即诊法，

qi,blood,body fluid and meridians)and pathology

包括辨证、治疗原则和方法。“方”

(etiology and pathogenesis);"method"includes syndrome

即处方、方剂；“药”即药物学。理

differentiation,treating principles and clinical methods;

法方药又在阴阳、五行等哲学理

"prescription"means the formula and combination of

论指导下统一于中医的整体观念

medicines in prescription;"medicine"is pharmacology.In

中，成为完整的理论与实践的统

the light of the philosophy of yin and yang,five elements,

一体。

etc.,these four are unified in the concept of holism of TCMas a unity of theory and practice.

中

医

理

论

4

第一章阴阳五行

Chapter 1Theories of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements

阴阳五行是中国古代用以

The theories of yin-yang and the five elements,

认识自然和解释自然的世界观和

as the important component of the theory of TCM,are

方法论，是中医学理论的重要组

the perspective and methodology that people used to

中

成部分。阴阳、五行各自有其系

understand and expound the nature in ancient China.

医

统的理论并且贯穿中医理论体系的各个方面：从生命起源到人体

Respectively,yin-yang and the five elements have their

理

的组织结构、从生理功能到病理

own systematical theory permeated throughout all aspects

论

变化、从分析归纳疾病的证候类

of TCM theory:the origin of life,the organic structures,

型到诊断和治疗疾病乃至养生保

physiological functions,pathological changes of the human

健，无不与阴阳五行理论相关。

body,diagnosis,treatment and health care.

Basic

1阴阳学说

The Theory of Yin-Yang

Theory

阴阳学说是关于对立统一

The theory of yin-yang is about the understanding

规律的认识，物质世界在阴阳二

of T

of the law of opposition and unity,and about movements

气的相互作用下，不断运动变化。

and changes of material world by the interaction of yin and

阴阳学说渗透到医学领域，促进

yang.It permeates into the medical field,facilitating the

raditional

了中医学理论体系的形成和发

formation and development of TCM and shaping the theory

展，逐渐与中医学融为一体，形成

of yin-yang in TCM when it is gradually integrated with

Chinese

了中医学的阴阳学说。中医学用，TCM.It is applied to explain the origin of life,physiological阴阳的运动规律来解释说明生命

functions and pathological changes of the human body,to

的起源，人体的生理功能、病理变

guide the diagnosis and prevention of diseases,and to set

Medicine

化，指导疾病的诊断和防治，贯穿

the basis of theory,method,prescription and medicine of

于中医的理、法、方、药」

TCM.

1.1阴阳的基本含义

1.1 The Basic Meaning of Yin-yang

阴阳是对自然界相互关联

Yin-yang is the summary of two opposite aspects of

的事物和现象对立双方属性的概

interrelated things or phenomena in the nature.It not only

括和总结。它既可以表示相互对

refers to the things and phenomena that are opposite to

立的事物或现象，如天与地、日

each other,such as the heaven and the earth,the sun and

与月、水与火等：又可以表示同

the moon,water and fire and so on,but also refers to two

一事物或现象内部对立的两个方

aspects inside the same thing or phenomenon,such as cold

面，如寒与热、升与降、明与暗等。

and heat,rise and fall,brightness and darkness,etc.

阴阳最初指日光的向背，如

Originally,yin and yang refer to the two sides of the

山之南、水之北为阳；山之北、水

mountain:the side facing the sun is yang and the reverse

之南为阴。后来用以概括自然界

side is yin.Therefore the south of a mountain and the north

相互关联而又相互对立的事物和

of a river is yang;the north of a mountain and the south ofa river is yin.Then,everything in the natural world with

现象。一般而言，凡属于运动的、

opposition and interdependence can be attributed to either

外向的、上升的、温热的、明亮的、

yin or yang respectively.Generally speaking,things that are

中

功能的皆属于阳的范畴；而相对

movable,exterior,ascending,warm,bright and those bear

医

静止的、内在的、下降的、寒凉的、

functional activities are yang,while those relatively still,

晦暗的、物质的属于阴的范畴。

interior,descending,cold,dark and materialistic are yin.

理

事物的阴阳属性不是绝对

Things'yin-yang attributes are relative rather than

论

的，而是相对的。阴阳这种相对

absolute.The relativity of yin-yang manifests as follows:in

性表现为：一方面，在一定条件

certain circumstances,on the one hand,either yin or yang

下，阴和阳之间可以发生相互转

may transform into its opposite aspect.For instance,cold

化，阴可以转化为阳，阳也可以转

syndrome can transform into heat syndrome and vice versa.

化为阴。如寒证可以转化为热证，

The change in the cold or warm nature of pathology may

2

热证也可以转化成寒证。病变的

promote the change of yin and yang.On the other hand,

寒热性质变了，其阴阳属性也随

the relativity can be manifested by the infinite divisibility

之改变。另一方面表现为阴阳的十of yin and yang,namely there is yang in the yin and yin无限可分性，即阴中有阳，阳中有

in the yang.Furthermore,any aspect of yin or yang can be

阴，阴阳之中复有阴阳，不断地

sub-divided into yin and yang into infinity.For example,the

分为二，以至无穷。如，昼为阳，

day belongs to yang,and the night pertains to yin.Morning

夜为阴。而上午为阳中之阳，下

is the yang aspect of yang,while afternoon is the yin aspect

午则为阳中之阴；前半夜为阴中

of yang.The first half of the night is the yin aspect of yin,

之阴，后半夜则为阴中之阳。随

while the second half of the night is the yang aspect of yin.

着对立面的改变，阴阳之中又可

As the change of opposition,sub-division of yin and yang

以再分阴阳。

would occur.

也就是说，随着时间的推移

With the passage of time or difference of application

或所运用范围的不同，事物的性

scope,the nature and opposition change will trigger the

质或对立面改变了，则其阴阳属

change of yin and yang.The relative degree of yin and

性也随之而改变。这种阴阳属性

yang not only shows the regularity,complexity of yin and

的相对性，不但说明了事物或现

yang on things or phenomena,but also the comprehensive

象阴阳属性的规律性、复杂性，同

properties of them.In a word,all things or phenomena

···试读结束···