《中药药理学》唐民，徐海波主编|(epub+azw3+mobi+pdf)电子书下载

图书名称：《中药药理学》

【作　者】唐民，徐海波主编

【丛书名】全国高等中医药院校中药学类专业双语规划教材

【页 数】 314

【出版社】 北京：中国医药科技出版社 , 2020.06

【ISBN号】978-7-5214-1872-9

【分 类】中药学-药理学-双语学-中医学院-教材-汉、英

【参考文献】 唐民，徐海波主编. 中药药理学. 北京：中国医药科技出版社, 2020.06.

图书封面：

图书目录：

《中药药理学》内容提要：

本书是全国高等中医药院校中药学专业双语规划教材，根据本学科教学大纲的基本要求和课程特点编写而成。体现高等院校中药学专业培养的特点，着力提高药学类专业学生的实践操作能力。坚持理论知识“必需、够用”为度。强调教材的针对性、实用性、条理性和先进性，既注重对学生基本技能的培养，又适当拓展知识面，实现职业教育与终身学习的对接，为学生后续发展奠定必要的基础。本书供中药学类、药学类及相关专业师生使用，也可供留学生、研究生教学使用。

《中药药理学》内容试读

上篇总论

Part IPandect

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的决而有志路

第一章绪论

Chapter 1 Introduction

学习目标！Objectives

1.掌提中药药理学的定义；中药药理学的研究内容和主要任务。

2.了解中药药理学的发展简史。

1.Must know The concept of Chinese Medicinal Pharmacology;research contents andmain tasks of Chinese Medicinal Pharmacology.

2.Desirable to know The development of Chinese Medicinal Pharmacology.

第一节概述

▣7

Section 1Overview

PPT

餐课

中药药理学是中药学的分支学科，也是药理学的分支学科，它将两者跨学科联系起来。中药药理学为中医临床实践、中西医结合临床实践提供科学指导。中药药理学知识体系既包含传统中医药内容，也涉及现代医学及生命科学研究前沿。发展中药药理学对于传统中医药体系的建设与发展具有重要意义。

Chinese medicinal pharmacology is a sub-discipline of Chinese medicine and a sub-discipline ofpharmacology,which is the interdisciplinary connection of the two.Chinese medicinal pharmacologyprovides scientific instruction for clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine and clinical practiceof integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.From the perspective of knowledge scope,

Chinese medicinal pharmacology contains both traditional Chinese medicine knowledge and the frontierof biomedical sciences and life sciences.The development of the Chinese medicinal pharmacology is ofgreat significance to the construction and development of the whole Chinese medicine system.

一、基本概念与研究内容

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1.Basic concepts and main contents

医药大学堂

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中药药理学是以中医药理论为指导，运用现代科学方法，研究中药与机体相互作用、作用规律的一门学科。其中，中药是指按照中医药理论，用来预防、诊断、治疗疾病的药物，包括植物

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第一章绪论Chapter1 Introduction

药、动物药、矿物药。机体主要指人体、动物体、病原体，可能涉及器官、组织、细胞、分子等不同层面。

Chinese medicinal pharmacology is a scientific discipline that uses the basic theory of traditional

Chinese medicine as a guide and uses modern scientific methods to study the interaction of traditional

Chinese medicine with the body.Here Chinese medicine refers to a medicine that prevents,diagnoses,and treats diseases according to the theory of Chinese medicine,including botanical medicine,animalmedicine,and mineral medicine.The body mainly refers to human body,animal body,pathogens,whichmay involve tissues,organs,cells,molecules.

中药药理学研究的内容包括中药效应动力学（简称中药药效学）入、中药代谢动力学（简称中药药动学)以及中药毒理学。中药药效学研究中药对机体的影响，即用现代科学理论和方法研究中药对机体的作用及作用规律。中药药动学研究机体对中药的影响，即中药进入机体，通常主要指人体，在体内吸收、分布、代谢、排泄的动态变化过程及规律。中药毒理学旨在研究中药对人体的有害影响及其规律。

The Chinese medicinal pharmacological research includes three aspects:pharmacodynamics,pharmacokinetics,and toxicology.The pharmacodynamics of Chinese medicine is to use modernscientific theories and methods to study the effects of Chinese medicine on the body and the mechanismsof its action.The pharmacokinetics of Chinese medicine is to study the influence of the body,usuallyrefers to the human body,on Chinese medicine,that is the dynamic process of the medicine absorption,distribution,metabolism and excretion.Toxicology of Chinese medicine aims to study the harmful effectsof Chinese medicine on the human body and its mechanisms.

二、学科特征与主要任务

2.The characteristics and tasks

中药药理学与天然药物药理学的区别，主要体现在它们的理论基础不同。中药药理学虽然也采用现代科学方法，但是强调以中医药理论为指导开展研究，而天然药物药理学采用现代科学理论体系为指导进行研究。中药药理学有时也会研究单体化合物、单个药用植物，但是总体来看，中药药理学的研究重心是多个中药组成的复方制剂，更多关注多个中药共同产生的综合作用。

The difference between Chinese medicinal pharmacology and natural medicine pharmacology ismainly reflected in their different theoretical basis.Although Chinese medicinal pharmacology alsouses modern scientific methods,it emphasizes the use of traditional Chinese medicine theory as a guideto carry out these studies,while natural medicine pharmacology uses modern scientific theoreticalsystem as foundations for research.Traditional Chinese medicine pharmacology sometimes studieschemical compounds and single medicinal plant,but overall,the research focus of Chinese medicinalpharmacology is formula preparations composed of multiple Chinese medicinal materials,especially thecomprehensive effects of multiple medicinal materials.

中药药理学的主要任务是：认识和理解中药理论的内涵，阐明中药的药性、功效及中药应用的科学依据；指导中药的新药开发研究及安全性评价；指导临床合理用药，提高中药的临床疗效，减少不良反应事件发生；推动中药现代化、产业化，促进中医药体系的进步和发展。

三四

The main tasks of Chinese medicinal pharmacology are to understand the connotation of traditional

医药大年密

Chinese medicine theory,and to reveal the scientific basis of traditional Chinese medicine properties,traditional Chinese medicine efficacy and the application of Chinese medicines;to support the new drug

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中药药理学：Chinese Medicinal Pharmacology

development and safety evaluation of Chinese medicine;to instruct the clinical application of Chinesemedicine to improving the clinical efficacy and reducing the occurrence of adverse events;to promote themodernization and industrialization of Chinese medicine,and promote the development of the Chinesemedicine system as a whole.

第二节中药药理学发展简史

Section 2 A brief history

PPT

中药应用于临床已有数千年的历史，关于中药的知识是人们在生产实践和医疗实践过程中逐渐积累起来的。随着自然科学的发展和社会生产力的提升，关于中药的知识也不断丰富完善。中药药理学作为一门新兴学科，它是在传统中药学以及现代药理学基础上发展起来的分支学科。中药药理学的发展经历了思想萌芽、现代发展两个重要阶段。

Traditional Chinese medicine has been used in clinic for thousands of years.The knowledge abouttraditional Chinese medicine is gradually accumulated in the process of production and medical practice.

With the development of natural science and the improvement of social productivity,the knowledgeabout traditional Chinese medicine has also been constantly enriched and improved.Chinese medicinalpharmacology,as an emerging discipline,is developed on the basis of traditional Chinese medicineand modern pharmacology.The development of Chinese medicinal pharmacology has experienced twoimportant stages of initial exploration and modern development.

一、思想萌芽

1.Initial exploration

中药药理学蕴含古人丰富的用药经验。古人在反复实践的过程中，逐步掌握中药的特性及作用，并利用中药的这些特性和作用治疗各种疾病。从这个角度理解，很早以前人们用中药来治疗疾病时，就为中药药理学发展奠定了基础。

The traditional Chinese medicine contains rich clinical experiences of our ancestors.In the processof repeated clinical observation,they gradually mastered the characteristics and functions of traditional

Chinese medicine,and used these characteristics and functions to treat various diseases.From thisperspective,long time ago when people used traditional Chinese medicine to treat diseases,they laid thefoundation for the development of Chinese medicinal pharmacology.

《神农本草经》约成书于东汉时期，是目前最早的中药专著，书中记载中药的临床应用及作用原理，还记载了中药的四气、五味、有毒无毒等性能。在南北朝时期，陶弘景在《神农本草经》的基础上，编著了《本草经集注》，对药物的性味、功能、主治做了补充，同时完善了中药的产地、采收时期及加工处理方法。“药理”这个词汇，也是最早出现在《本草经集注》中。唐

医药大好常

显庆四年（公元659年），苏敬等23人编撰《唐本草》（又名《新修本草》），该书图文并茂，是中国第一部官修本草，也可算得上世界上第一本药典，对世界中医药发展做出重要贡献。北宋后期，唐慎微编撰《经史证类备急本草》（简称《证类本草》），整理收录了当时各类药物书籍的主

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oho第一章T绪论}Chapter 1)Introduction

要内容，是现存文献学价值最高的本草学著作。北宋末期宋徽宗赵佶编著的《圣济经》中专门设有“药理篇”，是中医药学术著作中最早的药理专论。

Shen Nong's Classic of Materia Medica was written in the Eastern Han dynasty.It is the earliestmonograph on Chinese materia medica.It records the clinical application and principle of action of

Chinese medicine,and also records the four properties,five flavors,and toxicity of the drugs.In the

Northern and Southern dynasties,Tao Hongjing compiled the Collective Commentaries on Classics of

Materia Medica on the basis of the Shen Nong's Classic of Materia Medica,which supplemented theproperty and functional indications of medicines,and at the same time listed the origin,harvest time andprocessing methods of the medicines.The term "pharmacology"also first appeared in the Collective

Commentaries on Classics of Materia Medica.In 659 AD in Tang dynasty,Su Jing and 23 other expertscompiled the Tang Materia Medica (also known as Xin Xiu Materia Medica).The book is well illustratedwith both description and pictures.It is the first official compendium of Chinese herbal medicine andthe first pharmacopoeia in the world,making important contributions to the development of Chinesemedicine.In the later period of the Northern Song dynasty,Tang Shenwei compiled the Materia Medica

Arranged According to Pattern,which collected the main contents of various medicine books at thattime,and was the most valuable medicinal classic book in existence.In the late Northern Song dynasty,

Emperor Zhao Ji's Classic of Holy Benevolence specially set up "pharmacology"chapter,which is theearliest monograph on pharmacology in Chinese medicine academic works.

金元时期医药学家的主要工作是搜寻各种药物品种并对其基源进行考证，收集各种方药资料进行整理汇集。在此基础上，利用阴阳五行、气血运行等理论，以药物的形、色、气、味、体等元素，补充中药归经、升降浮沉等药性理论，使中医药理论进一步丰富和完善。

The main contribution of the pharmacists in the Jin and Yuan dynasties was to search for various

Chinese materia medica and verify their origins and species,collect various prescription recipes.Alsoduring this period,the Chinse medicinal theory has been greatly enriched and improved.For example,based on the features of the medicine,such as shape,color,smell,taste,and texture,the theory of thefive elements,Yin and Yang,and the qi and blood,were used to supplement the medicinal properties of

Chinese materia medica including meridian,descending and ascending,etc.

明清时期最有代表性的中药专著是李时珍编写的《本草纲目》，全书共52卷，收录中药1892种。书中零星出现药理学思想的雏形，例如，在中药“淫羊藿”项下，引用陶弘景的描述“西川北部有淫羊，一日百遍合，盖食此藿所致”。至今淫羊藿作为补肾阳中药常被用于临床治疗性功能障碍。这些描述蕴含药理学思想，对于指导中药药理学研究具有重要意义。

The most representative of the Ming and Qing dynasties is the Compendium of Materia Medicawritten by Li Shizhen.The book consists of 52 volumes and contains 1892 kinds of Chinese medicine

The prototype of pharmacological thoughts occasionally appeared in the book.For example,regardingthe description of a Chinese medicine Yin yang huo,the author Li Shizhen quoted Tao Hongjing's words,"In the north of this valley,there are some sheep who have strong sexual ability and can mate hundredsof times a day because of the reason for taking this medicine".Until today,Yin yang huo is often usedas a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of sexual dysfunction.All these descriptions containpharmacological ideas,which are of great significance for guiding the research of Chinese medicinalpharmacology today.

医药大学堂

中国古代医药学家，既研究中药的功效，也思考和探究其中的机理，这其中就有现代药理学研究的思想萌芽。例如，春秋时期《国语》中就有关于用犬测试乌头毒性的描述；东汉王充编著

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中药药理学}Chinese Medicinal Pharmacology

的《论衡》中阐述了密闭环境对机体的影响；唐代陈藏器编著的《本草拾遗》记载了用黍米、糯米饲养动物，使动物足部出现屈伸障碍的现象：宋代寇宗奭编著的《本草衍义》记载，给骨折的大雁喂服自然铜，可以使骨折康复；宋代苏颂《本草图经》记载，采用临床观察的方法，鉴别人参真假；明代冯梦龙编著的《智囊全集》记载用动物实验来验证荆花的毒性。从这些记载中不难看出，在很早的时候，人们就开始进行药物作用和毒性研究的尝试，有些研究采用动物实验，有些研究采用临床观察，有些研究中甚至已经出现了现代药理学动物模型的概念。这些探索为今天的药理学发展奠定了重要的基础。

Ancient Chinese medical scientists not only studied the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine,but also explored the underlying rationales for its action.Among them,the idea of modern pharmacologyresearch was sprouting.For example,there is a description of using dogs to test the toxicity of aconite inthe book of Guoyu;The influence of confined environment on the body appeared in the book Lunhengby Wang Chong in the Eastern Han dynasty;The Supplement to Materia Medica edited by Chen Zangqiof the Tang dynasty recorded the use of millet and glutinous rice to raise animals,which caused animalsfoot dysflexion;Amplification on Materia Medica by Kou Zongshi in the Song dynasty records thatfeeding natural copper to the fractured geese can recover the fracture;The Song dynasty Su Song's The

Sketch of Materia Medica records that clinical observation is used to identify the authenticity of ginseng;

The Complete Works of Think Tank edited by Feng Menglong in the Ming dynasty records the use ofanimal experiments to verify the toxicity of the flower from Cercis chinensis.It is not difficult to see fromthese records that at early times,people began to conduct drug effects and toxicity studies,some studiesused animal experiments,some studies used clinical observation,and even some studies have come upwith animal model concept.Obviously,these explorations have laid an important foundation for thedevelopment of pharmacology today.

二、现代发展

2.Modern development

中药药理学的现代发展可以分为3个时期：20世纪20年代起步，20世纪50年代发展，20世纪90年代以后进人高潮期。

The modern development of Chinese medicinal pharmacology can be divided into three periods,which can be summarized as the beginning in the 1920s,the development in the 1950s,and the climax inthe 1990s.

20世纪20年代前，国内对中药药理作用的研究较少。随着西方医药体系的引人，药学家开始采用西医理论、技术和方法开展对中药的作用、作用机制及产生作用的物质基础的研究，即用现代药理学方法来研究中药的药效。随着现代药学各学科的建立和发展，逐步开展了对中药的生药学、化学和药理学的研究，使中药从本草走向了与现代药学相结合的新阶段。我国学者袁淑范，比较研究了何首乌浸膏与何首乌蒽醌衍生物对动物肠管运动的影响，认为何首乌在机体中发挥药理作用的部分原因是何首乌中含有蒽醌类衍生物，这是现代最早的中药药理学实验。后续，以陈克恢教授对麻黄素的提取和药理学研究为先导，国内学者相继对川芎、人参、当归、延胡索、黄连、黄柏、柴胡、乌头、蟾酥、仙鹤草、防己、贝母、使君子、常山、鸦胆子等数十种常

医药太等尝

用中药进行了化学和药理研究，并逐渐形成了一种延续至今的中药药理研究思路，即从天然药材中提取其化学成分，筛选研究其药效，再进行相关药理毒理研究。有些研究成果如麻黄、当归等

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化学成分和药理作用的研究论文发表后，在世界范围内产生了巨大的反响，从此揭开了中药药理

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