《商代甲骨中英读本》（美）陈光宇；宋镇豪，刘源，（美）安马修编著|(epub+azw3+mobi+pdf)电子书下载

图书名称：《商代甲骨中英读本》

【作　者】（美）陈光宇；宋镇豪，刘源，（美）安马修编著

【页 数】 535

【出版社】 上海：上海人民出版社 , 2017.05

【ISBN号】7-208-14086-8

【分 类】甲骨文-中国-商代-教材-汉、英

【参考文献】 （美）陈光宇；宋镇豪，刘源，（美）安马修编著. 商代甲骨中英读本. 上海：上海人民出版社, 2017.05.

图书目录：

《商代甲骨中英读本》内容提要：

本书采用手写教材，借鉴读片子的教学方式。附有凡例以及相关甲骨图片等，有助于国内外人士藉由对甲骨文字的认知而对中国上古文明产生兴趣。

《商代甲骨中英读本》内容试读

第一片

Piece 1

《月一正》

Ganzhi Cycle

11,

)1

甲骨文

OBI

)一甲日会雀十出入月贝金口业片习5

早名京米工父再十入F闪党口月

H50帝习京早I名父十名)闪

口下H兑5只帝京I习父早=)A

梦十名入米四片口百HT5下泸兑豆月

I查父仆十入早四8口米H5单

H豆下I兑父十查入闪口早H8

5米豆5I父

001

商代甲骨中英讀本/Reading of Shang Inscriptions

轉録

Transcription

月一正曰食麥甲子乙丑丙寅丁卯戊辰己已庚午辛未壬申癸西甲戌乙亥丙子丁丑

戊寅己卯庚辰辛已壬午癸【未】甲申乙西丙戌丁亥戊子己丑庚寅辛卯壬辰癸巳二月父效甲午乙未丙申丁酉戊戌己亥庚子辛丑壬寅癸卯甲辰乙已丙午丁未戊申己酉庚戌辛亥壬子癸丑甲寅乙卯丙辰丁已戊午己未庚申辛西壬戌癸【亥】

month one normal say eat wheat jid zi yi chou bing yin ding mao wu chen jisi geng wu xin wei ren shen gui you jia xu yi hai bing zi ding chouwu yin ji mao geng chen xin si ren wu gui [wei]jia shen yi you bing xuding hai wu zi ji chou geng yin xin mao ren chen gui si two month fu

X jia wu yi wei bing shen ding you wi xuji hai geng zi xin chouren yin gui mao jia chen yi si bing wu ding wei wu shen ji you gengxu xin hai ren zi gui chou jia yin yi mao bing chen ding si wuwuji wei geng shen xin you ren xu gui [hai]

直譯

Reading

月一正，日食麥。

甲子、乙丑、丙寅、丁卯、戊辰、己已、庚午、辛未、壬申、癸酉。甲戌、乙亥、丙子、丁丑、戊寅、己卯、庚辰、辛巳、壬午、癸未。甲申、乙酉、丙戌、丁亥、戊子、己丑、庚寅、辛卯、壬辰、癸已。

二月，父融。

甲午、乙未、丙申、丁酉、戊戌、己亥、庚子、辛丑、壬寅、癸卯。甲辰、乙已、丙午、丁未、戊申、己西、庚戌、辛亥、壬子、癸丑甲寅、乙卯、丙辰、丁已、戊午、己未、庚申、辛酉、壬戌、癸亥。

The First Month is called the time of)'wheat eating'.

Jiazi,yichou,bingyin,dingmao,wuchen,jisi,gengwu,xinwei,renshen,guiyou.

Jiaxu,yihai,bingzi,dingchou,wiyin,jimao,gengchen,xinsi,renwu,guiwei.

Jiashen,yiyou,bingxu,dinghai,wizi,jichou,gengyin,xinmao,renchen,guisi.

002

第一片/Piece1

Second Month,（the time of)‘faX'

Jiawu,yiwei,bingshen,dingyou,wirxu,jihai,gengzi,xinchou,renyin,guimao.

Jiachen,yisi,bingwu,dingwei,wushen,jiyou,gengxu,xinhai,renzi,guichou.

Jidyin,yimao,bingchen,dingsi,wiwu,jiwei,gengshen,xinyou,renxu,guihai.

注釋

Annotation

1.此片見《甲骨文合集》24440，屬第二期（出二類）卜醉。這是商代的干支表，有似日曆。首句之“月一正，日食麥”之“食麥”一詞竟然出現于數百年後之《禮記·月令》：“食麥與羊，其器硫以達。”

2.十干爲：甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸。甲骨文爲：十入囚口叶S帝I

父。十二支爲：子、丑、寅、卯、辰、已、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥。甲骨文爲：出只习早8米晋。商代以干支記日，十干與十二支組组成六十干支的循環。干支的字形在各期辭的寫法不大相同，可以用來作斷代標準之一。

3.郭沫若《卜辭通纂》：“月一正者即一月，又名正月，卜辭兩用。公乃金之缺刻横劃者。食麥者，《月令》：孟春之月，食麥與羊。二月父效，父乃斧之初文。从又持斧，石斧也。父下一字不識，右旁从木，要當是二月中之行事。準上，余謂此乃古時惠書之複刻。如存世大小《夏正》之類者也。”

4.此片許多刻辞缺刻横劃（如第三行所有刻辭），顯示此片是未完成作品。又第三行“癸未”缺刻“未”字。末行“癸亥”缺刻“亥”字。

5.甲骨文金(2778)像食物在器，上有盖形；或曰金像口就食器。作飲食之食解，是“食”字初文。

6.甲骨文(1512)是“麥”字初文。《說文》：“麥，芒穀，秋撞厚薶，故謂之麥。从來，有穗者；从夕。”

7.刻劃干支表的甲骨片很多。例如《合集》37986是一片完整的含甲子至癸亥60天的商代干支表，其拓片及摹本見後“商代干支表”。

1.This piece Heji 24440)belongs to the diviner Chi Group Period 2 )It contains theganzhi(干支)name of all60days,starting with jidzi(甲子)and ending with guihai(癸

)A modern version of ganzhi cycle is shown in Appendix 2.

2.There are ten gan(干，stems,heavenly stems)and twelve zhi(支，branches,earthlybranches )The combination of one gan and one zhi in an orderly manner forms 60 pairs,which were used in Shang to denote each day.

3.The graph多，mai(麥)refers to crops,.most likely wheat.Here,the term金`shi mai(食

)'eat wheat',refers to some ritual activity that was performed in the first month,possiblya tradition that is still retained in the following passage of the Yueling (section of the

003

商代甲骨中英讀本/Reading of Shang Inscriptions

Lì(《禮記》)：

"The son of Heaven occupies the apartment on the left of the Qing Yang Fane )rides inthe carriage with the phoenix bells),drawn by the azure-dragon horses )and carryingthe green flag;wears the green robes,and the pieces of)green jade on his cap and at hisgirdle pendant).He eats wheat and mutton.The vessels which he uses are slightly carved,(toresemble)the shooting forth(of plants).”(天子居青陽左个。乘鸞路，駕倉龍，載青旗，衣青衣，服倉玉，食麥與羊，其器疏以達。)(see http://chinese.dsturgeon.net/index.html)This piece started with the second month by stating‘二月，父t',which we translatedas 'Second Month,time of)fi X'because the graph is not recognizable.Nonetheless,theterm'fi X'probably refers to some ritual activity associated with the Second Month

4.Shang scribers or engravers produced bone inscriptions by first engraving the vertical strokesfor each graph,then turned the bone piece 90 degrees to engrave the horizontal strokes.Ashorizontal strokes are missing in many graphs in this piece,it would suggest that the engravingwork for this piece is incomeplete.

The graph wei(未)is missing from the third column(as part of the day name guiwei癸未)，and the graph hai(亥)is missing from the last column（as part of the day name guihai癸亥).

5.The graph depicts food stuff held in a utensil gui)with lid covered.Some scholarsconsider the top part a 'mouth'sign.It is transcribed as shi ('food'or 'to eat'.The horizontalstrokes here are missing in this bone graph.

6.The piece (Heji 37986)shown below gives a complete Shang Table of 60 days-Ganzhi,from jiazi（甲子）to guihai(癸亥).

004

第-片/Piece 1

南材气滨韩

闪

飞K

2,

我己9

￥

中工

37986

商代干支表

Table of Shang Ganzhi

005

第二片

Piece 2

《受黍年》

The Millet Harvest

2

3

006

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