• [2022.01.05] Kindle 7 & KPW2 固件升级至 5.12.2.2

  • Scientific American Supplement, No. 514, November 7, 1885(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)|百度网盘下载

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    2022-04-02

  • 《Scientific American Supplement, No. 514, November 7, 1885》(pdf电子书下载)|百度网盘下载

    作者:Variou格式:AZW3,DOCX,EPUB,MOBI,PDF,TXTScietificAmericaSulemet,No.514,Novemer7,1885试读:SCIENTIFICAMERICANSUPPLEMENTNO.514ROMANREMAINSATLEICESTER,ENGLAND.TheRomateellatedavemetiJewryWallStreet,Leiceter,dicovereditheyear1832,iwellkowtoarchaeologitithaaloeekowadifficultofacce,adhardlytoeeeiadarkcellar,ad,ifact,ithaoteeeeorviited,excetyveryfewero.SometimeagotheTowCoucilreolvedtourchaethehoueadremie,withtheojectofreervigtheavemetiitu,adofgivigadditioallightadetteraccetoit,ad,thiurchaehavigeecomleteditheegiigofthereetyear,theworkofimrovemetega.Itwaoweethattheavemetwacotiuouudertheremieoftheadjoiighoue,adudertheulictreet,adarragemetwereatocemadetoucoveradaextheeadjoiigart,oatoermitthewholetoeeeatoeview.Theavemetthuucoveredformafloorwhich,ifcomlete,wouldmeaure23feetquareitlackaartothewetide,adalotheetireouthorderimiig.Itiamarvelofcotructivekill,ofvarietyadeautyiformadcolor,adottheleatartofthemarvelariefromthealmoteggarlyelemetoutofwhichthedeigerharoducedhitrulyharmoioueffect.Noquared,artificiallycolored,orglazedteeræ,uchaweeeiamoderfloor,areued,utlittleiece,irregularlyuturoelyformedofrickadtoe.Therearethreehadeofrick—arightred,adullorIdiared,adahadeetweethetwolatefromaeighorigquarrygiveadarkluihgrayaooliteuliethewarmeruffadafiewhitecomoitioreemliglimetoeiuedfortheceteroitadorder.Iadditio,theoutideorderiformedwithteeræofratherlargerizeofaagegreelimetoe.Seakiggeerally,thedeigiformedyieoctagofigure,threeythree,urroudedaddividedyaguillochecaleadtheiteraceoftheoctagoarefilledyfourmallerquareatter,adtheouteroctagoacey12triagle.Outidetheeiaorderformedyacalead,yaecodadofalterateheart-haed,ear-haed,adell-haedflower,adyalteratewhiteadgrayadadoutideallithelimetoeorderalreadydecried.Thiordericotructedwithteeræaoutfive-eighthofaichquare.Theremaiigteerævaryfromoehalftooe-quarterichofirregularrhomoidalform.Thecotructiooftheavemetiremarkale.Thereiafoudatiooftrogcocreteelowoveritiaedofoudedrickadlimethreetofourichethick,aduothialayeroffiewhitecemet,iwhichtheteeræarelaidwiththeirroughetidedowward.Liquidcemetaeartohaveeeouredoverthefloor,filligutheitertice,afterwhichtheurfacewoulderueddowadolihed.Atotheroaledateadoccuatioofthefloor,itmayeoervedthattheiteofthiavemetwaeartheceteroftheweterRomatow.ItieartheJewryWall,thati,earthemilitarytatioadfortre.Itwaovioulythericialhoueithelace,adaclearly,therefore,thereideceofthePræfectu,thelocalrereetativeoftheimerialowerofRome.TheRomaoccuatiooftheditrictegawiththerorætorhiofOtoriuScaula,A.D.50.Hewaucceededi59ySuetoiuPauliu,whoaedthroughLeiceterfromtheIleofAgleeawhetheiurrectiouderBoadicearokeout.ItheerviceofSuetoiuwaJuliuAgricola,whowaelectedcouladgoverorofBritaiaouttheyear70.Heicommolydecriedaawieadgoodgoveror,whoitroducedtheartofcivilizedlife,taughttheativetouild,adecouragededucatio.HeleftBritaiaouttheyear85,adfromthattimetothedeclieoftheRomaoweriutaout300year.Wehallotefarfromthetruth,therefore,ifweaigthiworktothetimeorevetotheeroaliflueceofAgricola,1,800yearago.—LodoTime.SometimeagoweulihedthefactthattheEmreofGermayhadofferedarizeof$1,000adthedecoratiooftheOrderoftheRedCrototheuccefulivetoroftheetortalefieldhoital.Wm.M.Ducker,ofNo.42FultoSt.,Brookly,etiadeigforcometitio.AfewdayagoMr.Duckerreceivedoticethathiivetiohadwotherize.AotheritaceoftherecogitioofAmericageiuaroad.THEBARBARAUTTMANNSTATUEATANNABERG,SAXONY.ThequetiowhetherBararaUttma,ofAaerg,Saxoy,watheivetoroftheartofmakighadcuhiolace,orolyitroducedititoAaerg,itheSaxomoutai,haotyeteeolved,otwithtadigthefactthatthemotrigidexamiatiohaveeemade.Itithegeeralelief,however,thatheolyitroducedtheart,havigleareditfromaforeigeritheyear1561.TheerofromwhomheacquiredthikowledgeiaidtohaveeeaProtetatfugitivefromBraat,whowadrivefromherativeladythecotaleoftheIquiitio,adwhofoudahomeitheUttmafamily.However,theroailityithatwhatthefugitivehowedBararaUttmawathetitched,oremroidered,lace—oit,ocalled—whicharetillmaufactureditheNetherladatthereettime.ItiveryroalethattheecimehowiducedBararaUttmatoivettheartofmakiglaceymeaofahadcuhio.BARBARAUTTMANN,INVENTOROFHANDCUSHIONLACE.VerylittleikowofthefamilyofBararaUttma,whichwaorigiallyfromNurergutmemeroftheamemigratedtotheSaxomoutai.Barara'huad,ChritofUttma,watheowerofexteivemieatAaerg,adwaverywealthy.ShediedatAaerg,Ja.14,1584.TheartofmakighadcuhiolacewaooacquiredymotofthereidetitheSaxomoutai,whichiaoorcoutry,atheoccuatioofmotoftheihaitatwamiig,aditfrequetlyhaeedthatthewagewereolow,adthemeaofutaiiglifeoexeive,thatomeotherreourcehadtoefoudtomakelifemoreearale.BararaUttma'ivetiowathualeigtothecoutry,adherameiheldihigheteem.AmoumetalfoutaiitoeerectedatAaerg,aditoeurmoutedyatatueofthecoutry'eefactre,BararaUttma.Thetatue,modeledyRoertHeze,itoecatiroze.ItrereetBararaUttmaithecotumeworatthetimeoftheReformatio.Sheoittoaieceoflace,whichhehajutcomleted,lyigothecuhio,thehuttleeigviile.Someoit,Valeciee,adGuiurelacearemadeoacuhioyhad,withoiowhichthethreadiwoud,theiforgivigthedeiredattertothelaceeigtuckitothecuhio.AyardofhadcuhiolacehaeeoldiEgladforamucha$25,000.Theaexedcut,rereetigtheBararaUttmatatue,watakefromtheIllutrirteZeitug.ABotoaertellofamawhouilttwohoueideyide,oeforhimelfadoetoell.Ithehoueoldhehadlacedafuraceagaittheartywallofthecellar,adfromithotairchamerhehadcotructedfluetoheathiowdomicile.Theoweroftheotherhouefouditveryhardtokeehiowhouewarm,adwaatoudedattheamoutofcoalittooktorederhifamilycomfortale,whilethe"otherfellow"kethimelfwarmathieighor'exeeearlyawholewitereforethetrickwadicovered.IMPROVEMENTSINCONCRETECONSTRUCTION.Portladcemetcocreteifmadewithao-orouaggregateiimervioutomoiture,adyetattheametime,ifothydraulicallycomreed,willtakeuaufficietquatityofmoiturefromtheairtorevetcodeatiouotheurfaceofthewall.Itotolyreitthediitegratigiflueceoftheatmohere,utecomeeveharderwiththelaeoftime.Itmayaloemadeieveraldifferetcolor,adcaefiihedofftoearlyaolihedurfaceorcaeleftquiterough.Walluiltofthimaterialmayemadeohardthataailcaotedriveitothem,ortheycaemadeufficietlyofttoecomeafixigforjoiery,ad,ifao-orouaggregateeued,odamcoureirequired.Furtherthathi,ifladeoughtuowhichthereiufficietgravel,oreveclaythatcaeurt,thegreatetortiooftheuildigmaterialmayeotaiediexcavatigforthecellaradieaidelocalitie,ifthe(alt)higlefromtheeacheued,oudaddrywallwilleotaied.Theueofcocreteaamaterialforuildigwillefoudtomeetallthedefectetforthyracticaleole,aitmayemadefire-roof,vermi-roof,adail-roof,adidwelligfortheoorwillthereforereitthedetructiveeffortofthe"yougararia."Nothig,therefore,caeetteraauildigmaterial.Theytemordiarilyemloyedtoerecttructureicocretecoitoffirtformigcaigofwood,etweewhichtheliquidcocreteideoited,adallowedtoecomehard,or"toet."Thecaigaretheremoved,thecavitieadotherimerfectioarefilledi,adthewallreceiveathifacigofafiercocrete.Ifmouldigorotherorameterequired,theyarealiedtothifaceytheordiarylaterer'method.Thiytemfidfavoriegieerigcotructio,adaloiveryimleformofarchitecturalwork,utwithverycomlicatedworkthewateicaigiverygreat.Beidethi,however,thefaceifoudometimetourtoff,eeciallyifithaeealiedometimeafterthecocreteformigtheodyofthewallhaet,adthemethodofalyigorametiotecoomical.1.-18.AytemofuildigicocreteharecetlyeeivetedyMer.F.&J.P.Wet,ofLodo,illutratioofwhichweowreet.TothiytemMer.Wethavegivetheameof"CocreteExtructio,"fromtheLati"extructio,"whichtheycoidertoeamorearoriatewordtha"cotructio,"aaliedtococreteuildigigeeral.IMer.Wet'ytemofuildigicocrete,iteadofemloyigwoodcaig,etweewhichtodeoitthecocreteoreto,adremovigthemwhetheetohaecomehard,caigofcocreteitelfareemloyed.Theecaigareotremovedwhetheetohaet,uttheyecomeaartofthewalladformafacetothework.Iordertoformthecaig,thecocreteimouldeditheformofla.Fig.1to18ofouregravighowvariouformofthela,whichmayemaufacturedwithaurfaceofaydimeioadofrectagular(Fig.1),triagular,hexagoal(Fig.2,14,ad15),adideedofayotherformthatwillmakeacomleteurface,whileforthickeitmayeuitedtotheworktowhichititoealied,thatuedforheavyegieerigworkdifferigfromthatemloyedihouecotructio.Itifoudthatthemotcoveietheightfortherectagularla(Fig.1)i12icheadthereadth18iche,atheartofatructureuiltwithlaoftheedimeiomoreoftecorreodwitharchitecturalmeauremet.Thehexagoalla(Fig.2)imadetomeaure12icheetweeitarallelide.Wherecomiatiooftheelawillotcoicidewithgivedimeio,ortiooflaaremouldedtoulythedeficiecy.ThemouldiwhichthelaaremadeareimleframewithliighavigathifaceofIdia-ruerorotheruitalematerial,ytheueofwhichlawiththeiredgeahow,adaloofthegreatetaccuracy,caemaufactured.ThatortiooftheackofthelawhichiudercutiformedymeaofoftIdia-ruercore.Themouldformakigortioofthelahaveacotrivaceywhichtheirlegthmayeadjutedtouitgivedimeio.Durigtheroceofcatigthela,adwhiletheyareialatictate,mouldig(ifrequired)orotheroramet,havigauitalekey,areiertedithelaticurface,whichifiihedofftothem(Fig.7,8,ad10).Thelamayaloecatwithoramet,etc.,comleteatoeoeratio(Fig.11),utitimoreecoomicaltohaveearatemouldforthemouldigadotheroramet,adearatemouldforthela,adtoalythemouldig,etc.,durigtheroceofcatigthela.Corel(Fig.9),etoff(whichwouldeomewhatimilartothelithcourelaNo.10),adothercotructivefeaturemayaloealiediaimilarway,ormayerovidedfordurigthecatigofthela.Athifacigofmarleorotherorametalolidorevelaticmaterialmayealiedtothefaceoftheladurigtheroceofcatig,thuealigtheworktoefiihedaiticarriedu,orakeymayeformedothefaceofthelatoealethetructuretoelateredafterward.FIG.19.FIG20.IFig.20,thetructurefromtheottomofthetrecheihowwiththeideofthetrecheremoved.Itwilleeethatthefootigarecotructedithemotecoomicalmaeryoteigteed.Aodam-coureirequiredicocretework,whetheaggregateiofao-oroumaterial,oeiothow.Uothetoofthefootigigeerallylaidahorizotalla,calledthewall-aela,theecialfeatureofwhichithatitealethethickeofthewalltoegaugedaccurately,adalorovideafixigforthefirtcoureofla.Fig.4ad5howuchlaforiteraladexteralagle,adFig.6howoefortraightwork.Theueofawall-aelaioteetial,althoughitithemoreaccuratemethodofuildig,foricaewhereitideiraletoecoomizelaor,orfromothercaue,thelaformigthefirtcouremayemadewithathickerae,admayefixedyadeoitioofcocrete,whichiallowedtoetehidthem.Theecodcoureoflailaiduothefirtcourewithreakigjoitofhalf-laod,eachcoureeigkeyedtotheotherymeaofaquick-ettigcemetigmaterialoureditothekey-holerovideditheedgeofthelaforthaturoe,aitumioucemeteigreferred.Thekey-holearemadeieveralway,thoehowitheillutratioeigofadovetailhaecircular,quare,orideedholeofayotherhaeformeditheedgeofthelaadiaoliquedirectioarealoemloyed.Seciallaforcat,orquit-quoi(Fig.17ad18)adagle(Fig.12,13,14,15,ad16)aremaufactured,theagleoccurrig(ifweomitthehexagoaladtakethe18ichla)atthree-quarterthelegthofeachla.Thigiveahalf-laodtoeachcoure,aooefaceofthequoiioecourewillaearaquarterlaadithecoureaoveathree-quarterlauerimoeduoit,orvicevera.ThuarethewalliFig.19ad20uiltu.Foroeig,thejamadlitel(adiwidow-oeigtheill)aremadeolidwitharoviioforakey-holetothemaofcocretefilligehidthem.Thatortioofthejamagaitwhichthelautthaagroovecoicidigwithaimilaroeitheedgeofthela,fortheuroeofformigajogglejoityqueezigtheeddigmaterialitothemoryjoggligthemiwithacemetgrout.Allthelaarejoggledtogetheriaimilarway.FIG.21.-FIG25.Thelaticcocretefilligoretowhichthehellaremadetocotaimayedeoitedetweethelawheayumerofcoure(accordigtocoveiece)haveeeuiltu,adwheetracticallyformwiththeolidworkitroducedamoolith,towhichthefacelaareecurelykeyed.Withover-clayedPortladcemet,whicharekowtocotractiettig,adwiththoeover-limedcemetwhichexad(othofwhichareottruePortladcemet),thefilligiidoeiequalectio,withaverticalaceequaltoeachectioleftetweethemutilthefirtectiohaveecomethoroughlyhard,adtheearethefillediataecodoeratio.Iordertorovideforflue,air-aage,adwayforelectricitallatio,adforgaadwater,ie(madeofaiulatigmaterialifrequired)orcoreoftherequiredhaeareiertedithelaticeto,adwhereecearyuitaleoeigarerovidedothefaceofthework.Proviioialomadeforfixigjoieryyiertig,whererequired,lamadeorartlymadeofamaterialitowhichailmayedrive,uchacocretemadewithaaggregateofurtclay,coke,aduchlike.Hollowlitelarealomadeofthelakeyedtogetherattheirverticaljoit,adwheioitiotheearefillediwitheto.Thiytem,however,iolyrecommededforfire-laceoeigiteadofarche.IFig.25,circularcotructioiexhiitedaaliedtotheaidaledofachurch,laimilartothoehowiFig.21eigemloyedforthaturoe,whileFig.22,23,ad24howformoflauitaleforcotructigcyliderwithhorizotalaxeaddome.IFig.19,whichitheuerartofFig.20,ihowaytemofcotructigflooroftheela.Itiolyecearytoexlaithatthelaarefirtkeyedtothelowerflageoftheirojoitymeaofacemet(itumioureferred),adthecomiatioithefixedioitio,theedgeofthelaadherigto,orratheruortedy,theirojoiteigreatedoatoreceiveaduortiterveigla,theheadigjoitofwhicharelaidtoreakwiththoeofthelauortedythejoit.Fordoulefloortheirojoitaremadewithadouleflageotheirloweredge,adarefittedtoirogirder,whichcroitheooitedirectio.Thiroviioecurethecoverigofthecrogirderotheiruderideytheceiligla.Thecocretehavigeedeoiteduothela,ituerurfacemayefiihedoffiayoftheuualway,whiletheceiligmayetreatediayofthewaydecriedforthewall.Thiytemdoeotexcludetheordiarymethodofcotructigflooradroof,althoughitulieafireroofytem.Whererequired,rick,toe,ad,ifact,ayotheruildigmaterial,mayeuedicojuctiowiththela.Theytemofuildigcotructioiiteded,aithecaewithallcocrete,touerederickworkadmaoryithevariouuetowhichtheyhaveeealied,ad,attheametime,toofferamoreerfectytemofuildigicocrete.Hithertolacocreteworkhaevereeerectediaerfectlyfiihedtate(i.e.,withmouldig,etc.,comlete),uthaeithereeleftiaroughtateorwithoutoramet,orelehaeecotructedoaevertoecaaleofreceiviggoodorametaltreatmet.Hithertothegreatdifficultyicotructigcocretewallofcocreteadotherlahaeetorevetthelafromeigforcedoutwardorfromtoligoverythereureofthelaticfillig-imaterialfromthetimeofitdeoitioetweethelautilithaecomehardeoughtoform,withthela,aolidwall.BeidetheytemofformigthelaofL(verticalorhorizotal)ectio,orwithakidofiteraluttreadhorigthemufromtheoutide,orofuortigthelauoframigfixedagaitthefaceofthewall,everaldevicehaveeeuedtooviatethidifficulty.Ithefirtlace,temorarytie,orgauge,coectigthelaformigthetwofaceofthewall,haveeeued,adaooathelaticfillig-imaterialhaetorecomehard(utotefore),theehaveeeremoved.Secodly,ermaettieorcramhaveeeued,ad,atheirameimlie,haveeeallowedtoremaiithewalladtoeetirelyuriedithelaticfillig-imaterial.Theeermaettraveretieorcramhaveeeoftwokid:thoewhichwereaffixedaooathelawerelacedioitio,adthoewhichweremadetoformartofthemaufacturedla,a,foritace,laofZorHhorizotalectio.Thirdly,amalllayerofthelaticfillig-imaterialitelfhaeemadetoactaatraveretieydeoitigit,whelatic,etweethelaformigthetwoarallelfaceofeachcoure,allowigit(eforefilligitheremaiigart)toetadtothucoecttogetherthelaformigeachfaceofthewall,auitaleholdothela,iomecae,eiggivetothetieyaortioofthelaeigudercutiomeway,ayeigdovetailed,etc.Athelaithilatterytemgeerallyhavewideae,theymayaloeeddedorjoitedicemet,ad,rovidedtemorarytieelacedacrotheirueredgetocoectthelaformigeachfaceofthewalltogether,theaceetweethefaceofthewallmaytheefillediwiththelaticcocrete.Alltheedevice,however,areotofermaetutilitytheyareolytemorarilyrequired(i.e.,utothetimethattheetohaecomehardadformedaermaettraveretieetweethetwofaceofthewall),foritimaifetthattheultimateojectofalllacocretecotructioi:(a)Toretaiadtomouldthelaticcocreteuediformigthewall()tokeyorfixthelatothemawhichtheythemelvehavemouldedad(c)toformafacigtothewall.Whetheeojecthallhaveeeaccomlihed,thereiofurthereedofaytiewhatevereyodthatwhichaturallyotaiiacocretewall.IWet'ytem,however,wherethelaarekeyedcouretocoure,aykidoftraveretietoeueddurigtheroceofcotructio,excetthatuedithetartigcoure,ietirelydieedwith,adthecoureoflaaovedeedolely试读结束[说明:试读内容隐藏了图片]点击下载...

    2022-04-03

  • Scientific American Supplement, No. 514, November 7, 1885(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)|百度网盘下载

    作者:Variou格式:AZW3,DOCX,EPUB,MOBI,PDF,TXTScietificAmericaSulemet,No.514,Novemer7,1885试读:SCIENTIFICAMERICANSUPPLEMENTNO.514ROMANREMAINSATLEICESTER,ENGLAND.TheRomateellatedavemetiJewryWallStreet,Leiceter,dicovereditheyear1832,iwellkowtoarchaeologitithaaloeekowadifficultofacce,adhardlytoeeeiadarkcellar,ad,ifact,ithaoteeeeorviited,excetyveryfewero.SometimeagotheTowCoucilreolvedtourchaethehoueadremie,withtheojectofreervigtheavemetiitu,adofgivigadditioallightadetteraccetoit,ad,thiurchaehavigeecomleteditheegiigofthereetyear,theworkofimrovemetega.Itwaoweethattheavemetwacotiuouudertheremieoftheadjoiighoue,adudertheulictreet,adarragemetwereatocemadetoucoveradaextheeadjoiigart,oatoermitthewholetoeeeatoeview.Theavemetthuucoveredformafloorwhich,ifcomlete,wouldmeaure23feetquareitlackaartothewetide,adalotheetireouthorderimiig.Itiamarvelofcotructivekill,ofvarietyadeautyiformadcolor,adottheleatartofthemarvelariefromthealmoteggarlyelemetoutofwhichthedeigerharoducedhitrulyharmoioueffect.Noquared,artificiallycolored,orglazedteeræ,uchaweeeiamoderfloor,areued,utlittleiece,irregularlyuturoelyformedofrickadtoe.Therearethreehadeofrick—arightred,adullorIdiared,adahadeetweethetwolatefromaeighorigquarrygiveadarkluihgrayaooliteuliethewarmeruffadafiewhitecomoitioreemliglimetoeiuedfortheceteroitadorder.Iadditio,theoutideorderiformedwithteeræofratherlargerizeofaagegreelimetoe.Seakiggeerally,thedeigiformedyieoctagofigure,threeythree,urroudedaddividedyaguillochecaleadtheiteraceoftheoctagoarefilledyfourmallerquareatter,adtheouteroctagoacey12triagle.Outidetheeiaorderformedyacalead,yaecodadofalterateheart-haed,ear-haed,adell-haedflower,adyalteratewhiteadgrayadadoutideallithelimetoeorderalreadydecried.Thiordericotructedwithteeræaoutfive-eighthofaichquare.Theremaiigteerævaryfromoehalftooe-quarterichofirregularrhomoidalform.Thecotructiooftheavemetiremarkale.Thereiafoudatiooftrogcocreteelowoveritiaedofoudedrickadlimethreetofourichethick,aduothialayeroffiewhitecemet,iwhichtheteeræarelaidwiththeirroughetidedowward.Liquidcemetaeartohaveeeouredoverthefloor,filligutheitertice,afterwhichtheurfacewoulderueddowadolihed.Atotheroaledateadoccuatioofthefloor,itmayeoervedthattheiteofthiavemetwaeartheceteroftheweterRomatow.ItieartheJewryWall,thati,earthemilitarytatioadfortre.Itwaovioulythericialhoueithelace,adaclearly,therefore,thereideceofthePræfectu,thelocalrereetativeoftheimerialowerofRome.TheRomaoccuatiooftheditrictegawiththerorætorhiofOtoriuScaula,A.D.50.Hewaucceededi59ySuetoiuPauliu,whoaedthroughLeiceterfromtheIleofAgleeawhetheiurrectiouderBoadicearokeout.ItheerviceofSuetoiuwaJuliuAgricola,whowaelectedcouladgoverorofBritaiaouttheyear70.Heicommolydecriedaawieadgoodgoveror,whoitroducedtheartofcivilizedlife,taughttheativetouild,adecouragededucatio.HeleftBritaiaouttheyear85,adfromthattimetothedeclieoftheRomaoweriutaout300year.Wehallotefarfromthetruth,therefore,ifweaigthiworktothetimeorevetotheeroaliflueceofAgricola,1,800yearago.—LodoTime.SometimeagoweulihedthefactthattheEmreofGermayhadofferedarizeof$1,000adthedecoratiooftheOrderoftheRedCrototheuccefulivetoroftheetortalefieldhoital.Wm.M.Ducker,ofNo.42FultoSt.,Brookly,etiadeigforcometitio.AfewdayagoMr.Duckerreceivedoticethathiivetiohadwotherize.AotheritaceoftherecogitioofAmericageiuaroad.THEBARBARAUTTMANNSTATUEATANNABERG,SAXONY.ThequetiowhetherBararaUttma,ofAaerg,Saxoy,watheivetoroftheartofmakighadcuhiolace,orolyitroducedititoAaerg,itheSaxomoutai,haotyeteeolved,otwithtadigthefactthatthemotrigidexamiatiohaveeemade.Itithegeeralelief,however,thatheolyitroducedtheart,havigleareditfromaforeigeritheyear1561.TheerofromwhomheacquiredthikowledgeiaidtohaveeeaProtetatfugitivefromBraat,whowadrivefromherativeladythecotaleoftheIquiitio,adwhofoudahomeitheUttmafamily.However,theroailityithatwhatthefugitivehowedBararaUttmawathetitched,oremroidered,lace—oit,ocalled—whicharetillmaufactureditheNetherladatthereettime.ItiveryroalethattheecimehowiducedBararaUttmatoivettheartofmakiglaceymeaofahadcuhio.BARBARAUTTMANN,INVENTOROFHANDCUSHIONLACE.VerylittleikowofthefamilyofBararaUttma,whichwaorigiallyfromNurergutmemeroftheamemigratedtotheSaxomoutai.Barara'huad,ChritofUttma,watheowerofexteivemieatAaerg,adwaverywealthy.ShediedatAaerg,Ja.14,1584.TheartofmakighadcuhiolacewaooacquiredymotofthereidetitheSaxomoutai,whichiaoorcoutry,atheoccuatioofmotoftheihaitatwamiig,aditfrequetlyhaeedthatthewagewereolow,adthemeaofutaiiglifeoexeive,thatomeotherreourcehadtoefoudtomakelifemoreearale.BararaUttma'ivetiowathualeigtothecoutry,adherameiheldihigheteem.AmoumetalfoutaiitoeerectedatAaerg,aditoeurmoutedyatatueofthecoutry'eefactre,BararaUttma.Thetatue,modeledyRoertHeze,itoecatiroze.ItrereetBararaUttmaithecotumeworatthetimeoftheReformatio.Sheoittoaieceoflace,whichhehajutcomleted,lyigothecuhio,thehuttleeigviile.Someoit,Valeciee,adGuiurelacearemadeoacuhioyhad,withoiowhichthethreadiwoud,theiforgivigthedeiredattertothelaceeigtuckitothecuhio.AyardofhadcuhiolacehaeeoldiEgladforamucha$25,000.Theaexedcut,rereetigtheBararaUttmatatue,watakefromtheIllutrirteZeitug.ABotoaertellofamawhouilttwohoueideyide,oeforhimelfadoetoell.Ithehoueoldhehadlacedafuraceagaittheartywallofthecellar,adfromithotairchamerhehadcotructedfluetoheathiowdomicile.Theoweroftheotherhouefouditveryhardtokeehiowhouewarm,adwaatoudedattheamoutofcoalittooktorederhifamilycomfortale,whilethe"otherfellow"kethimelfwarmathieighor'exeeearlyawholewitereforethetrickwadicovered.IMPROVEMENTSINCONCRETECONSTRUCTION.Portladcemetcocreteifmadewithao-orouaggregateiimervioutomoiture,adyetattheametime,ifothydraulicallycomreed,willtakeuaufficietquatityofmoiturefromtheairtorevetcodeatiouotheurfaceofthewall.Itotolyreitthediitegratigiflueceoftheatmohere,utecomeeveharderwiththelaeoftime.Itmayaloemadeieveraldifferetcolor,adcaefiihedofftoearlyaolihedurfaceorcaeleftquiterough.Walluiltofthimaterialmayemadeohardthataailcaotedriveitothem,ortheycaemadeufficietlyofttoecomeafixigforjoiery,ad,ifao-orouaggregateeued,odamcoureirequired.Furtherthathi,ifladeoughtuowhichthereiufficietgravel,oreveclaythatcaeurt,thegreatetortiooftheuildigmaterialmayeotaiediexcavatigforthecellaradieaidelocalitie,ifthe(alt)higlefromtheeacheued,oudaddrywallwilleotaied.Theueofcocreteaamaterialforuildigwillefoudtomeetallthedefectetforthyracticaleole,aitmayemadefire-roof,vermi-roof,adail-roof,adidwelligfortheoorwillthereforereitthedetructiveeffortofthe"yougararia."Nothig,therefore,caeetteraauildigmaterial.Theytemordiarilyemloyedtoerecttructureicocretecoitoffirtformigcaigofwood,etweewhichtheliquidcocreteideoited,adallowedtoecomehard,or"toet."Thecaigaretheremoved,thecavitieadotherimerfectioarefilledi,adthewallreceiveathifacigofafiercocrete.Ifmouldigorotherorameterequired,theyarealiedtothifaceytheordiarylaterer'method.Thiytemfidfavoriegieerigcotructio,adaloiveryimleformofarchitecturalwork,utwithverycomlicatedworkthewateicaigiverygreat.Beidethi,however,thefaceifoudometimetourtoff,eeciallyifithaeealiedometimeafterthecocreteformigtheodyofthewallhaet,adthemethodofalyigorametiotecoomical.1.-18.AytemofuildigicocreteharecetlyeeivetedyMer.F.&J.P.Wet,ofLodo,illutratioofwhichweowreet.TothiytemMer.Wethavegivetheameof"CocreteExtructio,"fromtheLati"extructio,"whichtheycoidertoeamorearoriatewordtha"cotructio,"aaliedtococreteuildigigeeral.IMer.Wet'ytemofuildigicocrete,iteadofemloyigwoodcaig,etweewhichtodeoitthecocreteoreto,adremovigthemwhetheetohaecomehard,caigofcocreteitelfareemloyed.Theecaigareotremovedwhetheetohaet,uttheyecomeaartofthewalladformafacetothework.Iordertoformthecaig,thecocreteimouldeditheformofla.Fig.1to18ofouregravighowvariouformofthela,whichmayemaufacturedwithaurfaceofaydimeioadofrectagular(Fig.1),triagular,hexagoal(Fig.2,14,ad15),adideedofayotherformthatwillmakeacomleteurface,whileforthickeitmayeuitedtotheworktowhichititoealied,thatuedforheavyegieerigworkdifferigfromthatemloyedihouecotructio.Itifoudthatthemotcoveietheightfortherectagularla(Fig.1)i12icheadthereadth18iche,atheartofatructureuiltwithlaoftheedimeiomoreoftecorreodwitharchitecturalmeauremet.Thehexagoalla(Fig.2)imadetomeaure12icheetweeitarallelide.Wherecomiatiooftheelawillotcoicidewithgivedimeio,ortiooflaaremouldedtoulythedeficiecy.ThemouldiwhichthelaaremadeareimleframewithliighavigathifaceofIdia-ruerorotheruitalematerial,ytheueofwhichlawiththeiredgeahow,adaloofthegreatetaccuracy,caemaufactured.ThatortiooftheackofthelawhichiudercutiformedymeaofoftIdia-ruercore.Themouldformakigortioofthelahaveacotrivaceywhichtheirlegthmayeadjutedtouitgivedimeio.Durigtheroceofcatigthela,adwhiletheyareialatictate,mouldig(ifrequired)orotheroramet,havigauitalekey,areiertedithelaticurface,whichifiihedofftothem(Fig.7,8,ad10).Thelamayaloecatwithoramet,etc.,comleteatoeoeratio(Fig.11),utitimoreecoomicaltohaveearatemouldforthemouldigadotheroramet,adearatemouldforthela,adtoalythemouldig,etc.,durigtheroceofcatigthela.Corel(Fig.9),etoff(whichwouldeomewhatimilartothelithcourelaNo.10),adothercotructivefeaturemayaloealiediaimilarway,ormayerovidedfordurigthecatigofthela.Athifacigofmarleorotherorametalolidorevelaticmaterialmayealiedtothefaceoftheladurigtheroceofcatig,thuealigtheworktoefiihedaiticarriedu,orakeymayeformedothefaceofthelatoealethetructuretoelateredafterward.FIG.19.FIG20.IFig.20,thetructurefromtheottomofthetrecheihowwiththeideofthetrecheremoved.Itwilleeethatthefootigarecotructedithemotecoomicalmaeryoteigteed.Aodam-coureirequiredicocretework,whetheaggregateiofao-oroumaterial,oeiothow.Uothetoofthefootigigeerallylaidahorizotalla,calledthewall-aela,theecialfeatureofwhichithatitealethethickeofthewalltoegaugedaccurately,adalorovideafixigforthefirtcoureofla.Fig.4ad5howuchlaforiteraladexteralagle,adFig.6howoefortraightwork.Theueofawall-aelaioteetial,althoughitithemoreaccuratemethodofuildig,foricaewhereitideiraletoecoomizelaor,orfromothercaue,thelaformigthefirtcouremayemadewithathickerae,admayefixedyadeoitioofcocrete,whichiallowedtoetehidthem.Theecodcoureoflailaiduothefirtcourewithreakigjoitofhalf-laod,eachcoureeigkeyedtotheotherymeaofaquick-ettigcemetigmaterialoureditothekey-holerovideditheedgeofthelaforthaturoe,aitumioucemeteigreferred.Thekey-holearemadeieveralway,thoehowitheillutratioeigofadovetailhaecircular,quare,orideedholeofayotherhaeformeditheedgeofthelaadiaoliquedirectioarealoemloyed.Seciallaforcat,orquit-quoi(Fig.17ad18)adagle(Fig.12,13,14,15,ad16)aremaufactured,theagleoccurrig(ifweomitthehexagoaladtakethe18ichla)atthree-quarterthelegthofeachla.Thigiveahalf-laodtoeachcoure,aooefaceofthequoiioecourewillaearaquarterlaadithecoureaoveathree-quarterlauerimoeduoit,orvicevera.ThuarethewalliFig.19ad20uiltu.Foroeig,thejamadlitel(adiwidow-oeigtheill)aremadeolidwitharoviioforakey-holetothemaofcocretefilligehidthem.Thatortioofthejamagaitwhichthelautthaagroovecoicidigwithaimilaroeitheedgeofthela,fortheuroeofformigajogglejoityqueezigtheeddigmaterialitothemoryjoggligthemiwithacemetgrout.Allthelaarejoggledtogetheriaimilarway.FIG.21.-FIG25.Thelaticcocretefilligoretowhichthehellaremadetocotaimayedeoitedetweethelawheayumerofcoure(accordigtocoveiece)haveeeuiltu,adwheetracticallyformwiththeolidworkitroducedamoolith,towhichthefacelaareecurelykeyed.Withover-clayedPortladcemet,whicharekowtocotractiettig,adwiththoeover-limedcemetwhichexad(othofwhichareottruePortladcemet),thefilligiidoeiequalectio,withaverticalaceequaltoeachectioleftetweethemutilthefirtectiohaveecomethoroughlyhard,adtheearethefillediataecodoeratio.Iordertorovideforflue,air-aage,adwayforelectricitallatio,adforgaadwater,ie(madeofaiulatigmaterialifrequired)orcoreoftherequiredhaeareiertedithelaticeto,adwhereecearyuitaleoeigarerovidedothefaceofthework.Proviioialomadeforfixigjoieryyiertig,whererequired,lamadeorartlymadeofamaterialitowhichailmayedrive,uchacocretemadewithaaggregateofurtclay,coke,aduchlike.Hollowlitelarealomadeofthelakeyedtogetherattheirverticaljoit,adwheioitiotheearefillediwitheto.Thiytem,however,iolyrecommededforfire-laceoeigiteadofarche.IFig.25,circularcotructioiexhiitedaaliedtotheaidaledofachurch,laimilartothoehowiFig.21eigemloyedforthaturoe,whileFig.22,23,ad24howformoflauitaleforcotructigcyliderwithhorizotalaxeaddome.IFig.19,whichitheuerartofFig.20,ihowaytemofcotructigflooroftheela.Itiolyecearytoexlaithatthelaarefirtkeyedtothelowerflageoftheirojoitymeaofacemet(itumioureferred),adthecomiatioithefixedioitio,theedgeofthelaadherigto,orratheruortedy,theirojoiteigreatedoatoreceiveaduortiterveigla,theheadigjoitofwhicharelaidtoreakwiththoeofthelauortedythejoit.Fordoulefloortheirojoitaremadewithadouleflageotheirloweredge,adarefittedtoirogirder,whichcroitheooitedirectio.Thiroviioecurethecoverigofthecrogirderotheiruderideytheceiligla.Thecocretehavigeedeoiteduothela,ituerurfacemayefiihedoffiayoftheuualway,whiletheceiligmayetreatediayofthewaydecriedforthewall.Thiytemdoeotexcludetheordiarymethodofcotructigflooradroof,althoughitulieafireroofytem.Whererequired,rick,toe,ad,ifact,ayotheruildigmaterial,mayeuedicojuctiowiththela.Theytemofuildigcotructioiiteded,aithecaewithallcocrete,touerederickworkadmaoryithevariouuetowhichtheyhaveeealied,ad,attheametime,toofferamoreerfectytemofuildigicocrete.Hithertolacocreteworkhaevereeerectediaerfectlyfiihedtate(i.e.,withmouldig,etc.,comlete),uthaeithereeleftiaroughtateorwithoutoramet,orelehaeecotructedoaevertoecaaleofreceiviggoodorametaltreatmet.Hithertothegreatdifficultyicotructigcocretewallofcocreteadotherlahaeetorevetthelafromeigforcedoutwardorfromtoligoverythereureofthelaticfillig-imaterialfromthetimeofitdeoitioetweethelautilithaecomehardeoughtoform,withthela,aolidwall.BeidetheytemofformigthelaofL(verticalorhorizotal)ectio,orwithakidofiteraluttreadhorigthemufromtheoutide,orofuortigthelauoframigfixedagaitthefaceofthewall,everaldevicehaveeeuedtooviatethidifficulty.Ithefirtlace,temorarytie,orgauge,coectigthelaformigthetwofaceofthewall,haveeeued,adaooathelaticfillig-imaterialhaetorecomehard(utotefore),theehaveeeremoved.Secodly,ermaettieorcramhaveeeued,ad,atheirameimlie,haveeeallowedtoremaiithewalladtoeetirelyuriedithelaticfillig-imaterial.Theeermaettraveretieorcramhaveeeoftwokid:thoewhichwereaffixedaooathelawerelacedioitio,adthoewhichweremadetoformartofthemaufacturedla,a,foritace,laofZorHhorizotalectio.Thirdly,amalllayerofthelaticfillig-imaterialitelfhaeemadetoactaatraveretieydeoitigit,whelatic,etweethelaformigthetwoarallelfaceofeachcoure,allowigit(eforefilligitheremaiigart)toetadtothucoecttogetherthelaformigeachfaceofthewall,auitaleholdothela,iomecae,eiggivetothetieyaortioofthelaeigudercutiomeway,ayeigdovetailed,etc.Athelaithilatterytemgeerallyhavewideae,theymayaloeeddedorjoitedicemet,ad,rovidedtemorarytieelacedacrotheirueredgetocoectthelaformigeachfaceofthewalltogether,theaceetweethefaceofthewallmaytheefillediwiththelaticcocrete.Alltheedevice,however,areotofermaetutilitytheyareolytemorarilyrequired(i.e.,utothetimethattheetohaecomehardadformedaermaettraveretieetweethetwofaceofthewall),foritimaifetthattheultimateojectofalllacocretecotructioi:(a)Toretaiadtomouldthelaticcocreteuediformigthewall()tokeyorfixthelatothemawhichtheythemelvehavemouldedad(c)toformafacigtothewall.Whetheeojecthallhaveeeaccomlihed,thereiofurthereedofaytiewhatevereyodthatwhichaturallyotaiiacocretewall.IWet'ytem,however,wherethelaarekeyedcouretocoure,aykidoftraveretietoeueddurigtheroceofcotructio,excetthatuedithetartigcoure,ietirelydieedwith,adthecoureoflaaovedeedolely试读结束[说明:试读内容隐藏了图片]点击下载...

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    Kidle电子书阅读器的最新固件版本5.14.2。*升级前注意!固件升级可能导致屏幕保护、字体和其他插件的越狱和依赖。如果您想保持越狱,不建议升级到最新的固件,在任何情况下都不要重置!目前,新固件无法降级或越狱。如果您想保持越狱状态,建议在升级前安装最新版本的hotfix防止越狱失效。固件版本的更新是5.12.2.1.1,涵盖Kidle7和KidlePaerwhite2(KPW2)两款设备。一、更新内容更新包括:性能改善、问题修复等一般性功能加强。这两种设备停止了固件的例行更新,但在上个月紧急修复固件突然发布,官方没有提供具体的更新内容。根据本次更新中非常小的版本号,应修复上次更新,具体更新内容未知。二、下载固件如遇升级固件相关问题,请参考《Kidle固件/系统更新相关问题及注意事项》这篇文章。一般Kidle在连接WiFi在收到亚马逊亚马逊升级推送后,将自动升级到最新版本的固件,无需手动干预,但时间不确定,从两三天到一两周半不等。如果没有或等不及自动升级,也可以在这里下载自己的Kidle手动升级设备型号对应的固件版本。推荐网盘下载,官网链接推荐快雷下载。请注意,如果通过官网链接下载快雷太慢,请将链接htt改为htt(去掉“”)。●Kidle7(K7)5.12.2.1.1固件下载:官方下载|百度网盘〈g3i7〉固件文件名:udate_kidle_5.12.2.1.1.iMD5校验码:f1f5744f10f76971f6e5c0810875d11aSHA1校验码:616d2c70ec31e664e164473591f866f98fdac1d*提示:Kidle7即中亚销售的黑/白499元入门款/基本版Kidle。●KidlePaerwhite2(KPW2)5.12.2.1.1固件下载:官方下载|百度网盘〈y〉固件文件名:udate_kidle_aerwhite_v2_5.12.2.1.1.iMD5校验码:9e9988389a58f464fede964cd7c303SHA1校验码:6c037641c748416f091022f5418ea157755f4————————————Kidle固件升级相关阅读:升级固件有什么好处?固件升级步骤详细如何查看固件版本如何查询设备型号Kidle固件大全...

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  • [2021.02.18] Kindle 7 & KPW2 固件升级至 5.12.2.1

    Kidle电子书阅读器的最新固件版本5.14.2。*升级前注意!固件升级可能导致屏幕保护、字体和其他插件的越狱和依赖。如果您想保持越狱,不建议升级到最新的固件,在任何情况下都不要重置!全新固件目前无法降级,也无法越狱。建议升级前先安装最新版本的hotfix防止越狱失效。固件版本的更新是5.12.2.1,涵盖Kidle7和KidlePaerwhite2(KPW2)两款设备。一、更新内容更新包括:性能改善、问题修复等一般性功能加强。这两种设备停止了固件的例行更新,这应该是紧急问题的修复,不太可能恢复例行更新。二、下载固件如遇升级固件相关问题,请参考《Kidle固件/系统更新相关问题及注意事项》这篇文章。一般Kidle在连接WiFi在收到亚马逊亚马逊升级推送后,将自动升级到最新版本的固件,无需手动干预,但时间不确定,从两三天到一两周半不等。如果没有或等不及自动升级,也可以在这里下载自己的Kidle手动升级设备型号对应的固件版本。推荐网盘下载,官网链接推荐快雷下载。请注意,如果通过官网链接下载快雷太慢,请将链接htt改为htt(去掉“”)。●Kidle7(K7)5.12.2.1固件下载:官方下载|百度网盘〈6iiz〉固件文件名:udate_kidle_5.12.2.1.iMD5校验码:87c404916c1a9ee0fe9a62cad6f54ceSHA1校验码:3ce52c40400cee185913736742651135dcf08*提示:Kidle7即中亚销售的黑/白499元入门款/基本版Kidle。●KidlePaerwhite2(KPW2)5.12.2.1固件下载:官方下载|百度网盘〈jwf〉固件文件名:udate_kidle_aerwhite_v2_5.12.2.1.iMD5校验码:111975f83677a41475a05041420e28SHA1校验码:e1138dd30fc9579ad7a6937022506591dd822————————————Kidle固件升级相关阅读:升级固件有什么好处?如何查看固件版本固件升级步骤详细Kidle固件大全...

    2022-04-05 固件校验码 手机校验码

  • 限时 7 天!美国亚马逊免费送 9 本 Kindle 电子书

    庆祝世界图书日(WorldBookDay),美国亚马推出“免费阅读来自全世界的9本Kidle电子书活动,用户可在一周内免费领取AmazoCroig编辑策划的9本Kidle电子书。AmazoCroig是AmazoPulihig文学翻译部也是美国最大的翻译小说出版商。翻译来自世界各地的获奖、畅销和有影响力的当代书籍。其愿景是翻译数百万读者和Kidle连接图书。AmazoCroig今天宣布,美国读者(美国亚马逊用户)可以在一周内免费下载9编辑策划的外文书英译本,纪念每年4月23日举行的全球阅读庆典世界阅读日。这次活动在美国时间4月17日从美国时间开始424日晚上11:59结束。★活动地址:amazo.com/readtheworldAmazoCroig编辑策划的9本Kidle电子书列表如下:一、朝鲜人《ARiveriDarke:OeMa’EcaefromNorthKorea》一个逃离朝鲜压迫的人的悲惨真实故事。直达链接:htt://www.amazo.com/d/B06XKRKFZL来自希腊的《TheHoueytheRiver》这部畅销小说讲述了五位希腊姐妹和忠实的母亲帮助塑造她们的生活。直达链接:htt://www.amazo.com/d/B01N7VKP78三、来自瑞典《StillWater》当一个人在瑞典的一个田园诗般的岛屿上冲浪时,它将永远改变岛上居民的生活。直达链接:htt://www.amazo.com/d/B00TUOH582四、日本人《TheGreatPaage》这部屡获殊荣的小说提醒人们,一个热情的生活是一种幸福的生活。直达链接:htt://www.amazo.com/d/B01MAVRCW8五、土耳其人《LatTraitoItaul》一对年轻的土耳其夫妇穿越纳粹占领的欧洲,在这个充满爱、冒险和同情的故事中获得自由。直达链接:htt://www.amazo.com/d/B00BJ8YD78来自俄罗斯的《TheGrayHoue》一个关于别人如何理解债务可以用于优势的惊人故事。直达链接:htt://www.amazo.com/d/B01JZAKPF07.来自印尼的《TheQuetioofRed》在这种爱情、革命和韧性的传说中,女人必须找到勇气走出自己的道路。直达链接:htt://www.amazo.com/d/B019XX9HTO八、西班牙人《TheLightoftheFireflie》在这部迷人的作品中,一个住在地下的男孩会发现即使在最黑暗的地方也有光。直达链接:htt://www.amazo.com/d/B016A31ZWC九、来自智利《TeWome》一群有不同生活故事的女性,在这个有着共同联系的美丽故事中,结合了胜利和悲伤。直达链接:htt://www.amazo.com/d/B00DRFP1XG这本电子书需要美国亚马逊账号和美国IP代理可以购买。如果账户中没有可用余额,可能需要绑定Via卡或Matercard卡才能正常免费下单。购买后如果想在Kidle设备阅读需要先阅读Kidle设备绑定美国亚马逊账户,将购买的电子书同步到Kidle阅读器。对于亚马逊账号登录在美亚账号等不同地区的相关问题,请参阅《Kidle注册不同区域亚马逊账号的相关答疑》这篇文章。...

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  • 2022年中级会计师每日一练(7

    中级会计实务【单项选择题】甲公司系增值税一般纳税人。2time18年12月1日外购一批原材料,取得的增值税专用发票上注明的价款为80万元,增值税税额为12.8万元,入库前的仓储费1万元。不考虑其他因素,该批原材料的入账价值为()万元。A.93.8B.80C.81D.92.8【正确答案】C【答案解析】外购存货的成本包括购买价款、相关税费、运输费、装卸费、保险费以及其他可归属于该存货的采购成本,即该批材料的入账价值=买价80+入库前的仓储费1=81(万元)。财务管理【判断题】企业财务管理部门负责企业预算的编制、控制和分析等工作,并对预算执行结果承担直接责任。()【正确答案】错【答案解析】此题主要考查的知识点是预算工作的组织。企业所属基层单位是企业预算的基本单位,其主要负责人对本单位财务预算的执行结果承担责任。因此本题的说法是错误的。经济法【多项选择题】根据民事诉讼法律制度的规定,因票据纠纷提起的诉讼,当事人之间不存在管辖协议时,享有管辖权的法院有()。A.原告住所地法院B.被告住所地法院C.票据出票地法院D.票据支付地法院【正确答案】B,D...

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