思想会•探秘权力全8册电子版免费阅读|百度网盘下载

严小明

2022-4-16

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探索力量8卷电子版是思想社的丛书。它从不同层次探讨权力关系，从不同角度审视权力关系。本书包含《权力及其逻辑》、《拜占庭帝国大战略》、《神爱》、《怀柔原人》、《富国陷阱》等8本书，欢迎免费下载阅读。

Thoughts • Exploring Power 所有8本书电子版免费阅读

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思维会议• 探索全部8本书的力量免费阅读

Thinking Club• 探索全部 8 本书的力量免费阅读

思维会议• 探索全部8本书的力量免费阅读

简介

权力及其逻辑政治是关于权力和选择的。任何想了解甚至掌握政治的人都必须知道权力背后的逻辑。对每个人来说，只要不是隐居的自我放逐者，权力就与你的日常生活和工作息息相关。本书作者在欧洲政治咨询领域拥有20多年广泛而深入的经验，熟悉权力运作的舞台，对权力的实践有着敏锐而深刻的洞察力。本书从哲学层面关注权力的本质、权力的表现和权力的行使，从基础理论到具体的策略和工具，对西方政治实践中的“权力”进行了详细的回顾和深入的阐释。，为读者提供对西方权力概念和具体运作的诚实、客观、全面的了解。

“神圣的爱：性、神话和女性身体的政治”侧重于伙伴关系和支配两种模式下的性行为。作者雄辩地指出，只有男女关系完成从传统的支配关系到伙伴关系的回归，才能恢复性行为的美丽、高贵、纯洁和快感的本色；在伙伴关系下，性行为不再低下、肮脏和痛苦。、爱、性、生育将成为人类幸福最重要的部分。这本书探讨了性的过去、现在和未来，从文化和生物进化的角度看待性及其神圣性，揭穿我们性历史的神话，重新发现仍然是一种宗教的东西。被教条或科学术语掩盖的真理。

《拜占庭帝国大战略》拜占庭帝国凭借自己的大战略，能够抵御一波又一波的敌人800多年，这本身就是一个奇迹。在作者看来，拜占庭在结盟、外交和遏制敌人方面比残暴的军事力量更能幸存下来。本书通过“宗教与治国”、“使臣”、“王朝联姻”、“拜占庭战争艺术”等精彩章节，深入阐释了作者的观点，包括武器、军事等方面的详细描述。战术和税收。

《怀柔远行：马戛尔尼驻华使节中英礼仪之争（第二版）》1793年，英国王室派遣，东印度公司出资，领主领英访华使团马戛尔尼抵达中国，目的是会见清廷最高统治者乾隆皇帝。这是18世纪末欧亚帝国清朝与海上霸主英国之间的首次正式接触。本书从历史的角度审视了这两个帝国的象征性会面。作者在此类问题上摒弃了传统的以欧洲为中心的观点，取而代之的是对称的叙述。笔者通过对中英仪式冲突的表象和本质的详细考察，旨在打破以文化为中心的理论和现代性的宏大叙事。垄断。

富国陷阱：发达国家为何被踢下阶梯？本书从世界历史发展的角度审视发达国家如何真正致富，审视发展中国家承受来自发达国家的巨大压力。本书为韩英教授张哈军博士的代表作，论据充分，资料详实，对思考中国改革开放30年后的发展战略具有重要的参考价值。作者提出了一个很重要的问题：发展中国家和发达国家其实是一种非常微妙的关系，发展中国家常常不切实际地幻想自己可以得到发达国家真诚的帮助，而发达国家却处处阻碍发展。国家已进入发展阶段。

国家视角：那些试图改善人类状况的项目是如何失败的（2019年版），美国著名学者斯科特的经典著作，在科学界产生了相当大的影响。在这本书中，斯科特以其独特的人类学视角和方法，揭示了面对自然和社会自上而下重新设计国家的逻辑。对国家发展计划的清晰而独特的分析，忽略了项目的复杂性和多样性以及地方传统，对各国的社会改革具有很大的启发意义。

毒药小队：化学家在 20 世纪之交对食品安全的全面征服在毒药小队中，黛博拉·布鲁姆 (Deborah Bloom) 向读者讲述了发生在美国的 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初的一系列故事为食品安全立法、完善食品监管、保护消费者权益和公民利益而斗争。这些斗争的发起者和领导者是站在消费者一边的化学家哈维。 ?威利。为了测试添加剂的危害性，威利招募志愿者在农业部化学局进行人体试验，因此被称为“试毒队”。这是以威利为首的各界人士的不断努力。第一部《纯食品药品法》诞生。

古埃及的女人：从生命女神伊希斯到最后的女法老，在这本引人入胜的书中，著名的法国埃及历史学家克里斯蒂安·雅克讲述了一些最著名的人物，例如哈特谢普苏等女性法老，纳芙蒂蒂和克娄巴特拉还介绍了许多普通古埃及妇女的故事。他们的名字虽然不为人知，但也闪耀着自由之光。正如克里斯蒂安·雅克 (Christian Jacques) 以极大的才华和热情所言，所有女性都有一个共同点：她们都是女神伊希斯的后裔。伊希斯是古埃及最重要、最强大的神祇，掌握着从死里复活的秘密，因此古埃及女性有着超越时代的地位。即使是现在，这本书仍然具有独特的现实意义。

优秀的试读

第一章简介：富国是如何致富的？

第一节介绍

当今世界，在发达国家的压力和发达国家控制的国际发展政策机构（IDPE）的压力下，发展中国家采取了一系列所谓的“好政策”和“好制度”来推动自己的发展。经济发展。 [1] 这里的“好政策”是指“华盛顿共识”广泛认可的政策，如限制性宏观调控政策、国际贸易和国际投资自由化政策、私有化政策、放松管制政策等。 [2] “好制度”本质上是指发达国家特别是英国和美国所采用的制度，主要包括民主制度、“好”的官僚制度、独立的司法制度、大力保护私有财产（包括知识产权）的制度。财产）、透明和以市场为导向的公司治理和金融体系（包括具有独立政治地位的中央银行）。

正如我们将在下面看到的，关于正在推广的“良好政策”和“良好制度”是否真的适用于当今的发展中国家，存在相当大的争论。但奇怪的是，许多批评者只质疑这些政策和制度在发展中国家的适用性，却理所当然地认为这些“好政策”和“好制度”被发达国家在发展过程中采用。

例如，我们通常认为英国之所以成为世界上第一个工业超级大国，是因为其自由经济政策。 France ended up falling behind because of its state interventionist policies. We all agree that at the beginning of the Great Depression in the 1930s, the United States abandoned free trade policy and adopted the protectionist Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act[3], just as free trade In the words of the economist Jagdish Bhagwati, this is "the most obvious and hilarious anti-trade folly!"[4] To prove that developed countries achieved their current economic status through Another example of "good policies" and "good institutions" we often mention: Without patents and other intellectual property rights, these countries could not have developed the technologies that enabled them to prosper. According to the National Free Trade Law Center of the United States, "The historical process of developing countries from developed countries shows that the protection of intellectual property rights has become one of the most powerful tools to achieve economic development, export growth, and promote the spread of emerging technologies and culture and arts." [5]。 Of course, there are many more such examples.

However, have developed countries really adopted those "good systems" and "good policies" recommended to developing countries in their own development process? Even on the surface, we seem to find sporadic historical evidence to the contrary. As some of you may know, the French government in the 19th century adopted a very conservative policy of non-intervention, unlike what France did in the 18th century or later in the 20th century. Some may understand that the U.S. raised tariffs after the Civil War. Some people may also know that the central bank of the United States, the Federal Reserve System (Fed), was not established until 1913. Few people even know that Switzerland was one of the world's technological leaders as early as the 19th century, when there was no patent law.

In light of these inconsistencies with the history of traditional capitalism, it is reasonable to question whether developed countries deliberately conceal their "secrets of success". This book provides a wealth of historical material against the history of traditional capitalism, while providing a comprehensive and succinct account of the policies and institutions that developed countries have adopted in the course of their development. In other words, the book is answering, "How on earth did the rich get rich?"

In short, developed countries did not get to where they are today by implementing so-called "good institutions" and "good policies". On the contrary, most developed countries frequently adopt "bad" trade and industrial policies, such as infant industry protection policies and export subsidy policies. These policies are not recommended by the World Trade Organization (WTO, WTO for short) today, and are even firmly resisted. By the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, developed countries had entered the stage of monopoly capitalism from the stage of liberal capitalism and developed rapidly. Even during this period, developed countries only adopted a very small amount of "good institutions" and "good policies" that are considered necessary by today's developing countries, including "basic" institutions such as the central bank system and the limited liability system.

If this is the case, are the developed countries under the guise of recommending "good policies" and "good institutions" without actually allowing developing countries to apply the policies and institutions they used to develop their economies in the early days? This is the question this book attempts to answer.

Section 2 Methodological Issues: Taking History as a Mirror

19th century German economist Friedrich List (1789-1846) is recognized as the father of infant industry protectionism. He believes that in the face of more developed Western countries, backward countries cannot develop infant industries (also called emerging industries) without government intervention policies, especially tariff protection policies. Lister's book The National System of Political Economy[6] was first published in 1841.

Lister begins the book with a long discussion of history. In fact, he devoted 115 pages of the 435-page book to a review of the trade and industrial policies of the major Western countries of the time. His subjects included Venice (and other Italian city-states), Hanseatic cities (represented by Hamburg and Lübeck), the Netherlands, England, Portugal, France, Germany, and the United States.

The history of the economic development of these countries described in this book is very different from what we know (or we think we know). [7] In particular, Liszt's analysis of the economic development of the United Kingdom and the United States, which are regarded as the birthplace of liberal economic policies, can especially shock contemporary readers.

Lister pointed out that the UK was in fact the first country to improve its policy of protecting infant industries. In his view, this is the principle behind the prosperity of most countries. He believes that we should "let all those who do not believe in infant industry protectionism first learn the history of British industrial development"[8].书中，他对英国通向工业发展的成功之路做了如下总结：

大君主国（英国等）在通过自由贸易政策获得一定程度的发展之后就意识到，只有把制造业、商业和农业有效地结合起来，才能实现最高程度的文明、国力和财富。它们认识到，新兴的本土制造业根本不可能与其他国家（意大利、比利时、荷兰等）历史悠久的同行业在自由竞争中获得胜利……因此，它们便寻求通过采取限制政策、特惠待遇和奖励补贴等措施，把其他国家的财富、人才和企业精神引入它们本土。[9]

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